Antitoxic Action of Certain Bases 



159 



Fig. 8. — Antidotal relations between sodium and -potassium; distilled water as the solvent 



47. N/50 KCl 52. Distilled water 



48. N/100 KCl 53. N/50 NaCH-N/50 KCl 



49. N/500 KCl .54. N/,50 NaCl+N/100 KCl 



50. N/50 NaCl 55. N/50 NaCl +N/500 KCl 



51. N/100 NaCl 56, N/100 NaCl+N/50 KCl 



57. N/500 NaCl +N/50 KCl 



A comparison of the data in Table 27 with those in tables 7 and 

 10 reveals the fact that calcium is far more effective in overcoming the 

 harmful action of either sodium or potassium than is any combination of the 

 latter. Both the top and the root growth are greater when either of these 

 bases is combined with calcium than when the two bases are combined 

 together. 



At the close of the experiment the color of the tops in all solutions was 

 very poor. This was no doubt due to the absence of calcium from the 

 cultures. 



THE INFLUENCE OF AGE OF SEEDLINGS ON TOXIC AND ANTITOXIC 



RELATIONS 



The influence of age of seedlings on the toxicity of barium, sodium, 

 strontium, and ammonium, and the antidotal relations between calcium and 

 each of these ions, have been studied. Pea seedlings were grown for ten 

 days in a full nutrient solution. They were then removed, carefully 

 rinsed with distilled water, and placed in pure solutions of CaCli and in 

 solutions of CaCl2 mixed with each of the above salts. Twenty days 

 later the experiments were discontinued. The data in the following para- 

 graphs are obtained from seedlings thus treated. 



