86 Roosevelt Wild Life Bulletin 



On the west coast of Schleswig-Holstein are three refuges ; 

 Norderoog, Jordsand, and Ellenbogen, which were founded by the 

 " Jordsand Association "of Hamburg and promoted by the well- 

 known ornithologist Dr. Hennicke, of Gera. All of these refuges 

 have suffered severely from the war and its effects ; and Ellenbogen, 

 which has been ceded to Denmark has suffered a total loss of its 

 colony by storms and egg robbery. 



In the Baltic Sea the founding of refuges dates from 1909. One 

 of the first is a peninsula known as Priwall, at the mouth of the 

 Trave, in Mecklenburg, and Langenwerder, in the Bay of Wismar, 

 both of which are subsidized by the Mecklenburg government. 

 Langenwerder adjoins the large Island of Poel, where prior to the 

 revolution there were considerable colonies of sea and other birds. 

 Here, as elsewhere, lawlessness in general, and the very widespread 

 lack of food among the poorer classes, have encouraged egg stealing 

 and the consequent destruction of the breeding places. 



Perhaps the most interesting of the Baltic bird refuges are the 

 YVerder Islands, east of Zingst, Pomerania. They are private prop- 

 erty and are cared for by a protective association to guard against 

 egg stealing, as far as possible. A great variety of sea and also 

 land birds breed here, and the place has been considered the most 

 important Baltic refuge. Hiddensoe, to the west of Riigen, is another 

 bird colony, of considerable area as compared to the others. 



The " Bund fur Vogelschutz " maintains some fifty large and small 

 refuges, most of them in Southern Germany, this association having 

 its headquarters in Stuttgart ; notably on the Federsee in Wiirt- 

 temberg, several islands in the river Neckar, near Lauffen, and others. 



The " Deutsch Ornithologische Gesellschaft " started an obser- 

 vatory for noting bird migration in 1900 at Rossiten, on the Kurische 

 Nehrung, the narrow peninsula extending from Samland to Memel, 

 East Prussia. This observatory has since been subsidized by the 

 State, publishes extensive reports, and has solved many interesting 

 problems of migration. 



At Burg Seebach, Kreis Langensalza, Thuringia, Hans von 

 Berlepsch, the well-known ornithologist and bird protector, founded 

 and conducts the exemplary Experiment Station for Bird Protection ; 

 and we might also mention in the far east the Grosse Lauternsee, 

 in East Prussia, and in the South the Worthsee, not far from 

 Munich. 



In conclusion, it may be said that bird protection enjoys wide- 

 spread interest and is promoted, as far as possible, among all classes 



