236 Roosevelt Wild Life Bulletin 



PAGE 



Figure 73. View across Quaker Run and up Cain Run Valley, showing a 

 great variety of bird haunts. Pasture and stream margin 

 trees in foreground, tilled fields and orchards beyond, and 

 unbroken forest on the heights. Photo by H. R. Francis. ... 258 



Figure 74. An apple orchard, where such familiar birds as the Robin, Blue- 

 bird, Kingbird, Chipping Sparrow, Flicker and Downy Wood- 

 pecker are sure to be found 258 



Figure 75. Meadow of timothy and other grasses. Haunt of Meadowlark, 



Bobolink, and Savannah and Vesper Sparrows 273 



Figure 76. An old field reverting to forest. Showing succession from en- 

 vironment of Meadowlark and Vesper Sparrow to that of such 

 forest margin and thicket species as Field Sparrow, Indigo- 

 bird and Chewink 273 



Figure 77. Upland Thicket. Home of the Field Sparrow, Indigo-bird, 



Towhee, Brown Thrasher and Chestnut-sided Warbler 274 



Figure 78. Thicket encroaching on grassland of a hillside near Quaker Run, 

 where one may find the Towhee, Field Sparrow, Indigo-bird 

 and Brown Thrasher 274 



Figure 79. The maple and beech forest, showing characteristic undergrowth 

 and old logs, an environment that attracts certain birds. 

 Yellow birches in foreground 287 



Figure 80. Heavy mature forest in the Big Basin, near head of Stoddard 

 Creek. Home of the Hermit and Olive-backed Thrushes and 

 the Winter Wren. Photo by H. R. Francis 287 



Figure 8 1 . A view of the forest floor, the favorite haunt of Oven-bird, Ruffed 

 Grouse, Whip-poor-will, Junco, Winter Wren, Woodcock and 

 others 288 



Figure 82. The forest floor, with dense carpet of shade-loving herbs, ferns 

 and vines. Here, one would expect to find the shy Hermit 

 Thrush and elusive Winter Wren 288 



Figure 83. A Junco's nest, hidden amid the grass and buttercups in a pas- 

 ture close to the edge of a forest 301 



Figure 84. Another view in the maple and beech forest, showing thick 



undergrowth of ferns, shrubs and young trees 301 



Figure 85. The branches of a hemlock tree, where one may expect to find 

 the Black-throated Green, Blackburnian and Magnolia War- 

 blers 302 



Figure 86. Among the tree-tops, — beech, sugar maple, birch and hem- 

 lock, — the home of Vireos, Warblers, and the Scarlet Tana- 

 ger 302 



Figure 87. A view of the tree-tops along the forest margin, — butternut, 

 black birch and maple , — ■ the characteristic haunt of Red- 

 eyed and Blue-headed Vireos, Scarlet Tanager and various 

 Warblers 307 



Figure 88. Cat-tail marsh in the Tunungwant Valley. Home of the Red- 

 winged Blackbird, Sora and Bittern 307 



Figure 89. Quaker Run, above Frecks, showing characteristic upland 

 stream border, the home of the Song Sparrow, Veery, Mary- 

 land Yellow-throat, and Canada and Yellow Warblers 308 



Figure 90. Quaker Run, near its mouth. Dense willow thickets, the home 

 of Song Sparrows, Yellow Warblers, Catbirds, Redstarts and 

 Rose-breasted Grosbeaks 308 



Figure 91. Bee balm flowers; a special attraction for the Hummingbird in 



Allegany Park 317 



Figure 92. Turk's-cap lilies. Occasionally visited by Hummingbirds in the 



Park 317 



Figure 93. Bayou in the Tunungwant Valley, showing yellow pond lilies 

 and other swamp vegetation. Haunt of Green and Great 

 Blue Herons, and Bittern 318 



