THE SUMMER BIRDS OF THE ALLEGANY 

 STATE PARK 



By Aretas A. Saunders 



Roosevelt Field Ornithologist, 



Roosevelt Wild Life Forest Experiment Station, 



Syracuse, New York 



CONTENTS 

 I. Introduction. 

 .2. Preservation of Bird Life in Allegany Park. 



Enemies of Birds and the Balance in Nature. 

 Control of Enemies of Birds. 

 Methods of Attracting and Increasing Birds. 

 Preservation of Natural Conditions in Parks. 



3. Game Birds of the Park and Their Future. 



4. When and Where to Study Birds in the Park. 



5. Birds of Orchards and Shade Trees. 



6. Birds About Buildings. 



7. Birds of the Open Fields. 



8. Birds of the Upland Thickets. 



9. Birds of the Forest. 



Birds of the Forest Floor. 



Birds of the Forest Undergrowth. 



Birds of the Forest Trees. 



10. Birds of the Marshes. 



11. Birds of the Water Margins and Lowland Thickets. 



Birds of the Shoreline and Open Banks. 

 Birds of the Stream Thickets. 

 T2. Identifying Birds in the Field. 



13. Field Kev to the Birds of Allegany Park. 



14. List of Birds Observed in Allegany Park. 

 1^. List of References. 



16. Index. 



INTRODUCTION 



The Allegany State Park is situated in the southwestern part of 

 New York in Cattaraugus County south of the bend of the Alle- 

 gheny River, and about 75 miles south of Buffalo (map 4). The 

 area ranges from a little over 1,300 to about 2,500 feet in elevation, 

 and consists of rather low mountains naturally wooded to their tops 

 with forests that are mainly of broad-leaf deciduous species (figure 

 71). The present size of the Park is 7,000 acres, and this will prob- 

 ably be increased to at least 65,000 acres. 



While bounded roughly by the river (figure 72) the Park area 

 nowhere touches it, as the Allegany Indian Reservation includes 



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