300 Roosevelt Wild Life Bulletin 



easily identified. She is plain olive-green above and dull yellowish 

 beneath with no special distinguishing marks. Her size — a little 

 larger than the English Sparrow — and rather finch-like bill will 

 help in identification, as they separate her from the Warblers that 

 are somewhat similarly colored. Male birds in late August are 

 curious looking, being patched in green, yellow and red as they 

 change from summer to winter plumage, while early September 

 birds may have the full winter plumage like the female, save that 

 the wings and tail are black. 



The Scarlet Tanager is a common bird in the forests of the 

 Park, despite the prevailing idea that such a brilliant bird must be 

 a rarity. It lives among the tree-tops in both maple-beech and oak- 

 chestnut types of forest. The bird is not always easily seen because 

 of the thickness of the foliage, but once the song is known, a visitor 

 to the Park in early summer will realize how common the bird is. 



This song is a rhythmic series of five to nine slurred notes, high- 

 pitched and usually uttered in a rather coarse voice. To the be- 

 ginner in bird study it may at first seem confusingly like the 

 Robin's song. The rhythm is similar, but it usually lacks the liquid 

 1- or r-like consonant sounds and is of harsher quality. 



The nest is built in a low limb of a tree, 10 to 40 feet from the 

 ground. Both nest and eggs look rather like those of the Rose- 

 breasted Grosbeak, but the higher location will usually determine 

 the owner if the birds are not seen. 



Crow. Corvus brachyrhynchos brachyrhynchos Brehm 



The Crow is the largest of common perching birds, being about 

 18 inches long, or nearly twice the length of the Robin. Its entire 

 body is black, including the rather heavy bill. 



This bird is exceedingly common in the Park, and may be seen 

 or heard almost everywhere. It belongs to the forest, since that 

 is where it nests, yet it flies long distances and visits farms, 

 orchards, shade trees and open meadows in its search for food. In 

 the forest it seems partial to pine wherever that tree grows, and 

 any small cluster of "white pines in the Park will be likely to con- 

 tain two or three Crows' nests. 



The common " caw " of this bird is well known, yet it is varied 

 considerably. It may be a single short " cah " or a longer " ca-ah " 

 slurred on the end. Various other notes of a guttural, squeaky and 

 rattle-like quality are produced, particularly in spring, sounds not sc 

 well known. The bird has no notes that can be called a song. 



The nest of the Crow is a large structure of sticks, placed near 

 the top of a tall tree, preferably but by no means always, a pine. 

 Nesting takes place early in the year and is likely to be over or 

 nearly so by the time summer visitors reach the Park. 



Magnolia Warbler. Dendroica magnolia (Wils.) 



The plumage of the Magnolia Warbler is a veritable patchwork 

 of black, yellow, blue-gray and white. The upper parts are mainly 

 blue-gray with black patches on the cheeks and middle of the back, 



