42 Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. 
Females. 
Length, 43 to 5 inches. This is a point of secondary importance. 
Breadth, 44 to 51 inches. Much more distinctive. 
Curve of the transverse diameter, 3°; of inch. A characteristic 
feature. 
The vertical curve begins at the third vertebra, also a distinctive 
point. 
In addition to the thigh bones of the unborn child, found by 
Dr. Macalister, I got other similar remains, and have preserved the 
lower jaw and half the frontal bone of an infant aged about the 
seventh month of foetal life, and also the jaw-bone of a recently born 
child. 
So numerous were the remains of young children, that a selection 
of their lower jaws afforded examples of every stage of infantile 
dentition, and I gathered a large and complete series of them, and 
from this onward to youth and perfect maturity, until the last perma- 
nent molars became completely developed. The teeth as a rule were 
found to be unusually strong and healthy, but toothache was not 
altogether unknown, and sufficient examples of diseased fangs and 
even a perforation of the jaw-bone from abscess at the root of a tooth 
could be identified. 
The worn down condition of the grinding surfaces of these teeth 
was most remarkable; they show an amount of attrition altogether 
unknown at present in the British Isles; of course this is best seen 
in mature jaws, and during advancing life. Excessive attrition is 
common to all races that use food requiring a considerable degree of 
mastication; thus it occurs both in those who employ corn ground 
in hand querns, in which it becomes mixed with more or less of the 
sand from the mill; and it has likewise been noticed in tribes that 
live upon fish diet almost exclusively, as in the neighbourhood of 
Vancouver's Island. ‘There were, further, several jaw bones that had 
belonged to persons of considerably advanced age, where the teeth 
had almost or altogether fallen out, and in which the bony alveolar 
tissue was absorbed, and had disappeared both in lower and upper 
jaws. 
Amongst the bones which I obtained there are a number that 
appear worth describing, either for their size, or because they pre- 
sent evidences of diseased conditions. The vertebre and some of the 
bones of a man were dug up who must have, when living, been of 
exceptional size. The vertebre are wider—not thicker—than those 
preserved in the Anatomical Museum of the Dublin University, 
belonging to the famous Irish giant, O’Brien, so their possessor was 
probably a person of great bulk. 
Platycnemic tibiz were also found to be very numerous. ‘Tibize 
