226 Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. 
the Talmudists. This may or may not have been so; but if it was 
generally accepted in early times it is all we have to do with. In 
this view, then, the words ‘‘on the shore of the sea of Kig”’ appear 
to refer to this sea, for Casarea was built at Paneas, ‘‘ which (says 
Lightfoot) * let the maps observe that they place it not too remote 
thence,” and, in fact, most maps do. But Paneas was also ‘the 
springs,” Pégé, and taking this as a proper name the p becoming f, as 
in xIx., and the f, being aspirated, or by the simple loss of y, we have 
the sea of Egé or Eig. 
But what is Germain? The word occurs elsewhere for Germany 
(x1.), but without the accent. Here it is clearly not Germany. In 
the Peutinger map already referred to, a range of mountains is shown 
between Cesarea and Sidon; they are not named, but, according to 
the Rabbins quoted by Lightfoot, the mountain overhanging Cxsarea 
was ‘‘the mountain of snow,’’*® otherwise Hermon. The # of this 
word (eth) has the force of Ch., and the name, written as Chermon,”! 
is as fairly represented by Germain as is usual with names in this 
geography; while the expression ‘‘ with pure heights” exactly 
answers to the rabbinical name of the mountain of snow. 
We now come to part II. of the geography, which treats of 
Africa. 
XXXIV. 
It was Apher, son of Keturah and of Abraham, 
Who gave his name to Africa 
As an appellation, in memory of his wounds, 
From [carrying] a wallet he was named. 
This is a story from Josephus, who says Abraham had several 
sons by Keturah, who are not mentioned in Genesis. One of these 
was Ophren, who waged war against Libya, and took it, and from 
him Africa was called. He quotes several ancient authors for this. 
The next verse is— 
The name of Libya [is] from the pleasant brook 
Which trickles to the headland, 
Or from the pure sweet-voiced mother 
Of Agenor, king of Africa. 
Here there is evidently a derivation from the Greek.” It should 
be observed that the flourishing Greek colony of Cyrené adjoined 
Libya. The two territories are connected in the Acts of the Apostles, 
18 Lightfoot, Hore Hebr. vol. i. p. 62. 
19 Ibid. p. 63. 
20 Ibid. p. 62. 
Bl PO17- The name was generally used in the plural, BSI/944, Hermonim, 
the mountain having several distinct summits. Germain here may be also a 
plural. 
22 P, 239, note z, also note v. 
