496 Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. 
describes how Constantine raised his sons and nephew successively to 
Imperial rank, éf’ éxdoty tepiddw Sexaetodvs ravyytpews eva Twa TOV 
aitov mabav ert THY TOV BaciAtKod Opdvov Kowwwviay tpoxerpiCopevos, 
and divided the government of the empire among them, thus ac- 
complishing the prophecy of Daniel (vii. 18), kat Similen sa THY 
Bactetay & dyvow bpiorov. 
doe pev nuty Tots THY Ediay Aaxovor Tov érasov aiTov Kapmov Oarepov 
dé tov raidwv Oatépw yéver Tov avOpdruv Kal Tédw GAXov GAAaxOOe 
AapTTHpas ota Kal PwoTnpas Tov é€ avToV TpoXEoevov PwTwv dreveimato- 
ei0 td piav CevyAnv Baotdixovd teOpixrov TétTapas trolevéas avTos 
EaUTO oid TLVAS méous Tovs dvdpevordrous Kaicapas yviats Te avtovs 
evOéou TULPovias TE Kal dpovotas Gppooapevos avobev dynos 1VLOXGV 
eAavver 600 THY ovpracay conv 6 nALos efopa Ouimmetwy adTds TE Tots 
Tao eTUTApOV Kal TO TOVTA SLATKOTOUILEVOS. 
As the panegyric was written and pronounced a few months after 
the arrangement of 335, this passage is of the highest importance. It 
proves that the four Caesars were coequal, and that each had a special 
government. 
(2). Eusebios, Veta Constantine, Iv., 51. os ou éxarépov Tov dxpov 
Tis odns oixoupevns exparet THY obumacay THs Bacwrelas & GpxXnV Tpict 
TOLS QvuTOU duyjpet Tao ola TUG. TaTppav ovoiav Tous QuTOU khypodorav 
pirraros: TV pev ov TamToav Anew TO peilove THY O€ THS EWas Gpynv 
TO OevTepw, THY O€ TOUTWY péonY TO TPiTw Siévepe. 
The Life of Constantine was probably written not long after the 
death of Constantine (May 22, 337); we may place its composition 
in the year May, 337-May, 338. The army had proclaimed the three 
sons Augusti, and refused to recognise the nephews, Dalmatius and 
Annibalian (September 9, 337); the Empire was, therefore, completely 
in the hands of the three Augusti; and Eusebios’ words reflect this 
fact. It does not seem to me that we can fairly press xAnpodorar to 
imply that Constantine had left a will excluding Dalmatius from a 
share in the sovereignty. 
(3). Sokrates, Hist. Hec., 1., 38, ad fin. 6 d& Baoiteds ... ~ 
eippaiveTd te emt Tots yeyovdo. Kal él tpiolv vioits ods Kaicapas 
avynyopevKer ExaoTov Kata dexdda eviavTov THS PBacirelas avTov, TOV 
peev TpOTOov OpOvE [Lov éavtov Kawvortavtivoy Tov Eoreplov PepOv apxewv 
KATATT TOS &v ™ Tpory dexade Ths BacwWelas aitov' tov b€ mpos TH 
Ewa. PEpav TOV TO Torre eT OVULOV Kovotavtivov év ™ eikooLeTyplor 
KOTETTIOE Katoapa: Tov O& VEOTEpOV Kovotavta év TH TpLakovTaeTyptor 
THS EavTov Pacireias exepoTovncev. 
Sokrates has combined two statements wrongly—the statement in 
Eusebios’ Vita Constantini as to the distribution of the government 
among the three brothers, and his statement in the Panegyricos as 
to their elevation to the rank of Caesar. He does not mention the 
particular provinces assigned to Constans, nor does he allude to 
Dalmatius. 
(4). Sozomen, Hist. Hee., 11., 34. 6 d€ Bacrreds non Tporepov cis 
TOUS Taloas aoaeus OvTas THY épyay OveAQv Kat Kovotarvtive pev Kat 
