145 
which had not produced antheridia. The case represented in fig. 72 D goes to prove 
the correctness of this interpretation. 
The carpogenic filaments are, as stated by Scumirz and HAUPTFLEISCH (1896 
p. 333), lateral on the assimilative filaments and consist usually of 3 cells, the lowest 
of which is often wedge-shaped (fig. 71 D, F), 4-celled carpogenic filaments however 
also occur (fig. 71 C). Only once have I seen a carpogenic filament terminal on a 
vegetative filament which bore also a 2-celled lateral carpogenic filament (fig. 71 E). 
After fertilization the carpogonium is not divided, as in Nemalion and Helminthora, 
by a transverse wall into a stalk- 
cell and an upper cell producing 
the sporogenous filaments, but 
it divides by an oblique wall 
going from the upper side of the 
D 
Fig. 72. Fig. 73. 
Helminthocladia purpurea. A—C, ends of Helminthocladia purpurea, Al, fertilized carpogonium, still undivided 
assimilative filaments with clusters of an- but with divided nucleus. B, fertilized carpogonium dividedf,by an 
theridia. D, checked antheridial branches oblique wall. C, similar stage, the one daughter-cell appears about 
which have developed only very few an- to divide. D, more advanced stage. E, the sporogenous filaments 
theridia. E, F, ends of filaments bearing begin to grow out. F, median section of ripe cystocarp. A—D, F 350:1, 
globular cells, probably sterile antheridial E 560:1 
branchlets, A—D 560:1, E—F 350: 1. 
cell to the margin of the basal wall (fig. 73 B, C) and thereafter follows variously 
orientated walls, giving as result a cell-complex growing out into numerous radia- 
ting, branched sporogenous filaments, the end-cells of which produce carpospores. 
The succession of the divisions in the carpogonium I have not been able to follow; 
they seem to take place in such a manner that a number of peripheral cells are 
cut off while a larger placentar cell remains in the centre (fig. 73 F, a). The spo- 
rogenous filaments are rather long-celled, the mother-cells of the carpospores long 
and narrow. After the discharge of the carpospore a new mother-cell may be pro- 
duced by proliferation from the subterminal cell. At the time when the divisions 
