196 
The carpospores are 19—29 » in diameter, with the envelope 35—40 y; a nucleus 
is seen in the centre. How many such rows belong to each cystocarp I cannot 
say; according to BATTERS (I. c. p. 91) each cystocarp consists of one, two or three rows: 
Sporangia were only met with in two specimens afler evacuation. According to 
CRoUAN, Harvey and others they are regularly cruciate !. 
The species has been met with in several places from Skagerak to the Samsø 
waters and the Sound, usually in considerable depths viz. from 13 to 25 meters, in 
Skagerak however also in 
2 m and in the Limfjord 
in 6 meters depth. It grows 
on stones (granite and flint) 
and old shells of bivalves 
(Cyprina, Mytilus modiola 
a. 0.) and gastropods, and 
Serpula, frequently in com- 
pany with Cruoria pellita. 
It is perennial, but has 
only been collected in the 
months of April to Sep- 
tember. Most of the spe- 
cimens were sterile, but 
two specimens with emp- 
tied sporangia were found 
Fig. 117. in the eastern Kattegat in 
Cruoriella Dubyi. Vertical section of nemathecium with ripe cystocarps. 200: 1. April and May, and some 
collected in the Samso waters in August had antheridia and carpogonia, partly ferti- 
lized, and long sporogenous filaments. Specimens with ripe cystocarpia were col- 
lected in August off Lonstrup in Skagerak. According to Barrers it is fructifying 
in January to June at England’s east coast. 
Localities. Sk: At Roshage, Hanstholm, near land, 2m; ZK° and ZK® off Lønstrup, 7—13 m. 
— Lf: Nissum Bredning, off Helligso, 5,5 m. — Kn: Herthas Flak; Bôchers Banke, 29 m; TO, Tenne- 
berg Banke; ZB, east of Trindelen, about 30 m; TR, FF and TQ near Trindelen; VU, east of Nordre 
Ronner, 15 m; N.E. of Hirsholmene, 9,5 m (Henn. Petersen). — Ke: IL, IP, IQ, ZE’ Fladen, 21—25 m; 
ZJ, IR, IS, VZ, Groves Flak, 22,5—26,5 m; Groves Flak (Borgesen); IK, IH, Lille Middelgrund; Store 
Middelgrund, IA, 16,5 m (!) and 30 m (Borgesen). — Sa: KI, south of Hjelm, 13 m; BF, off Sletterhage, 
14m. — Su: bM, South of Hveen, 22,5 m. 
1 The above was written long before I received V. Scuirrner’s Studien über Algen des adriatischen 
Meeres (Wiss. Meeresuntersuch. N. F. 11. Bd. Abt. Helgoland, Heft 2, 1916). The author describes here 
(I. c. p.148) a species named Cruoriella Dubyi, which he supposes is identical with the Atlantic species 
of the same name. This supposition, however, seems to be doubtful, the Adriatic plants apparently 
differing, in the structure of the frond and of the nemathecia as well. Thus, the frond is said to be 
rarely more than 6 cells thick; nothing is said as to the complex structure of older fronds described 
above; and the rhizoids seem to be much more numerous. Further, the paraphyses are said to be 
attenuated upwards. The author says, p. 148, that the species has been wrongly referred by DE Toni 
to Cruoriella, but p. 501 he approves that Scumirz has made the same determination. 
