LED 
sent.” — The growth of the species apparently begins at the end of the winter. As 
the germination of the spores takes place immediately after the dissemination of the 
spores, it is probable, that the species usually passes through the winter as small 
plants having reached only a small size at the beginning of the winter. — It grows 
on stones, wood, leaves of Zostera and numerous Algæ as f. inst. Furcellaria fasligiata, 
Ahnfeltia plicata, Fucus vesiculosus, Polysiphonia spp., Phyllophora spp. and many others. 
The species varies in the length of the cells and the different degree of con- 
traction of the branches thereon dependent, apparently owing to the various conditions 
of the environment; further, as mentioned above, in the relation of the longitudinal 
growth of the branches to that of the mother axis. When the ramification is de- 
cidedly pseudodichotomous the outline of the sections of the frond becomes semi- 
circular or nearly circular. The branches are then often more divaricate than usual, 
thus in the f. intricata Lyngbye (Hydr. p. 125), which occurs in sunny localities in 
shallow water. 
The species is spread from the North Sea to the south end of the Sound and 
to the western part of tbe Baltic. In the North Sea it has only been met with in 
two localities very remote from land at greater depths (24,5—31 m) and further in 
the harbour of Thyboren; in the Skagerak it has been collected in several places, 
mostly at small depths near land, and in the inner waters it is commonly spread 
from low-water mark to 20 meters depth (in the Limfjord only to 6m). In the 
Sound south of Helsingør it does not occur at depths smaller than 9,5 m, and in 
the Smaaland Sea not at depths smaller than 4,5 m. It usually reaches only a length 
of 5 cm; it may, however, attain 7,5 cm (f. inst. in one of the innermost localities, 
south of Langeland at 11,5 meters depth) and specimens up to 9cm high were 
found once, in Grenaa harbour. 
Localities. Ns: aF, Thyborøn beacon S.E. !/,E., 19,5 miles, 31 m © Aug.; ZQ jydske Rev, 24,5 m; 
harbour of Thyborøn. — Sk: YU, Roshage, Hanstholm, near land, 1—2 m; YM!, Bragerne; YN, within 
Bragerne; ZK, off Lonstrup; Lonstrup, near land, 1 m; Hirshals, mole and boulders near land; N.W. 
of Hirshals, 15 m; Skiveren, on wreck; north Side of Skagens Gren. — Lf: ZS, Kobbered; Ydre Ron 
by Lemvig; MC; south side of Jegindø Tap, 6 m; east of Jegindø; MH, off Skrandrup, Thisted Bred- 
ning; Nykøbing (Th. Mortensen); Glyngøre; off Knudshoved, Fur; north coast of Fur; MK, Holmtunge 
Hage; LQ, Lendrup Ron; Logstor Kanal; Logstor; near Marbjerg Tange (Boye Petersen). — Kn: Har- 
bour of Skagen; south of Fyrbakken, 4m and south of Skagens Gren, 13—15 m; off Hulsig, 7,5 m 
(B. P.); Herthas Flak, 19 m; TV, Krageskovs Rev; various places around Hirsholmene; Frederikshavn, 
harbour and various places in the neighbourhood; BP, off Sæby, VT and TK near Nordre Renner; 
north end of Nordre Ronner; NH, north of Læsø, 15 m, + in Sept.; Vesterø harbour, Ostero harbour; 
TP and ZA, Tonneberg Banke, about 16 m; 61/, miles S.W. by W.1/, W. of Læsø Trindel light-ship, 8 m 
(€. A. J.). — Ke: FD, east of Læso: VY, Fladen, 18 m, sterile in July; XA, S.E. of Kobbergrundene; 
east end of Anholt; 14!/, miles S.S.E. of Anholt Knob lightsh., 10 m, + Oct. (C. A. J.); Gilleleje. — Km: 
6 miles S.S.W.!/, W. of Læsø Rende lightsh., 8 m (C. A. J.); 5!/ miles N. by E.°/,E. of Østre Flak 
lightsh., 9 m. (C. A. J); BO, Stensnæs; Asaa, mole; EZ, south of Læso; ZC!, Kobbergrundene; BK, Tan- 
! Dr. Kyrın has later arrived at the opinion that C. hiemale is a winter-form of C. Furcellariæ 
(Botan. Notiser 1916, p. 65), as he has found specimens with lobed gonimoblasts. It appears therefore 
that two species have been confounded under this name. 
