366 
borne on small bushes, seriate on the upper side of the pinnæ, reminding one of 
those in Callithamnion Furcellarie, but often a little bigger. These bushes may also 
occur on the long shoots, taking the place of a pinna. The antheridial clusters may 
be sessile but are usually provided with a one- or two-celled stalk, their shape is 
irregularly roundish or more or less lobed, ovate, or more or less elongated with a 
distinct 4- or 5-celled main 
axis, and the antheridia 
may then be most nume- 
rous on the acroscopic side. 
The carpogonial branches 
are, as described by SCHMITZ 
and PHILLIPS, and recently 
by Kyrın, 4-celled and borne 
laterally on the undermost 
cell of the pinnulæ and con- 
nected with it. The content 
of the basal cell and of the 
next cell of the pinnula is 
different from that of the 
vegetative cells and resemb- 
les that of the cells of the 
carpogonial filament. The 
nucleus of the three under- 
most cells of the carpogonial 
branch often divide in two 
before the fertilisation. After 
Fig. 303. fertilisation an auxiliary cell 
Antithamnion Plumula. A and B young cystocarps showing the first goni- 
molobe on the upper face of the auxiliary cell; in B the carpogonial branch is cut off upwards from the 
is shown behind the filament. C, nearly ripe cystocarp seen from below; basal cell, and it fuses 
the carpogonial branch is still visible. D, cystocarp seen from above. E, 2 
sporeling found on a cystocarp-bearing plant. 350: 1. shortly afterwards with a 
little sporogenous cell from 
the fertilised carpogonium (comp. PHiLiips 1897 fig. 12; Kyrın 1923 fig.40h); it 
then divides, according to Kyrın in a smaller lower and a greater upper cell, the 
first gonimoblast cell which successively produces the gonimolobes. There are at 
least four gonimolobes. During this development, according to PHiLuies (1. c. p. 357), 
the cells immediately above and below the auxiliary cell become fused with it. The 
first gonimolobe is given off from the upper side, others downwards in an oblique 
direction (fig. 303). The particular gonimolobes are borne on an unicellular stalk 
and are globular or reniform. Their size is very different, the first formed being 
fully developed while the youngest one only consists of a small number of cells 
and perhaps never reaches full development. Stalk-cells without fertile cells may 
