473 
excluding the lobes. These, the most well developed specimens can be referred to 
f. quercifolia Turn., distinguished by the outline of the frond resembling an oak-leaf 
and by the rounded lobes. In smaller depths the size of the frond is smaller; that 
appears very plainly when comparing the rather numerous specimens collected in 
the Great Belt. In those dredged in depths of 1 to 17 meters the length was at most 
8 cm, the breadth at most 1 cm, while the specimens collected in greater depths, 
where the salinity is higher and the conditions less vari- 
able, reached a length of 10—18 em and a breadth of 
1,3—2 cm and analogous differences were found in the 
Sound. 
A much branched loose form (f. egagropila) was 
found in fast flowing water in Svendborgsund at 5,5 
meters’ depth. 
As a noticeable form may be named f. lingulata 
Ag., characterized by its narrow frond with stalked 
lingulate almost entire marginal shoots. This form is, 
however, closely connected with the typical form through 
intermediate specimens. The smaller breadth of the frond 
is evidently an effect of the unfavourable conditions in 
the water with feebler salinity and great variations in 
temperature and salinity. In the Western Baltic Sea the 
frond still reaches a length of 10 cm and a breadth of 
up to 1 cm, but in Bm and Bb the frond is only 0,5— 
1,5 mm broad. The frond is then almost linear or lineari- Fig 0 
å Phycodrys rubensf. sublinearis. From 
lanceolate and reminds one of Membranoptera alata from Bornholm, castofDueodde, 38m. 2:1. 
which it is, however, distinct by the more or less lan- 
ceolate segments of the frond. The margin is for long stretches even or only provided 
with few feeble teeth (fig. 436). These specimens which may be named f. sublinearis 
usually seem to be loose; they occur together with Furcellaria and Mytilus and attached 
to these, but apparently only by lateral hapters, and it is doubtful whether they 
have arisen directly from spores. 
Tetrasporiferous specimens occur more frequently than sexual ones. Antheridia 
have been met with once only in November and cystocarps in two or three local- 
ities in March, while tetrasporangia have been found in numerous specimens collected 
in the months December to May. In the last-named month the sporangia were, how- 
ever, usually entirely or partly emptied. 
The species occurs in depths from i to 40 meters. In the southern parts of 
the Belts and the Sound and in the southern waters it has, however, not been met 
with in smaller depths than 5,5 m, and at Bornholm only in 19 to 38 meters” depth. 
It grows partly on stones, partly and principally on other Algæ as Furcellaria, 
Laminaria, Halidrys and many others, further on shells of mollusks, hydroids, 
Hyas etc. 
