Fig. 488. 
Phyllophora membranifolia. Specimen 
with ripe cystocarps. Hirtshals, April. 
4/; n.s. 
518 
pit. The continuity of the 
protoplasm of the pro- 
longation with that of the 
carpogonium was in all 
cases interrupted. The pit 
connection of the second 
cell with the first cell of 
the carpogonial branch is 
situated at the lower end 
ofthe second cell. Abranch 
is frequently given off from 
the first cell; in fig. 491 G 
it has produced a com- 
plex of 7 cells. In fig. 492 
similar stages are shown 
from sections through car- 
pophores; the carpogonial 
branch is here seen borne 
on the auxiliary cell (a). In 
fig. 492 B a vegetative 
branch is given off from 
the auxiliary cell besides 
the carpogonial one, and 
Fig. 489. 
Phyllophora membranifolia. Spe- 
cimen with nemathecia. Veno Bugt, 
Limfjord. September. */, n.s. 
this appears to be frequently the case (comp. Kyrın 1928, p. 55). In fig. 492 D the 
auxiliary cell has given off a prolongation apparently functioning by the transfer 
of the sporogenous nucleus. It appears that a great number of the procarps in a 
+ 
Fig. 490. 
Phyllophora membranifolia. Plant with short 
stem bearing carpophores on the border of the 
flat branched frond. North Sea, off Agger, 24 m, 
October. */; n.s. 
carpophore do not reach normal development 
(fig. 493 A,B); in many carpophores only few 
carpogonia are to be found, though there may 
be numerous supporting cells, but many of these 
bear only incompletely developed carpogonial 
branches or even no fertile branches at all. 
To begin with the auxiliary cell contains 
one nucleus. In fig. 493 C is shown an auxiliary 
cell containing several small nuclei and four 
small protuberances at the lower face. It must 
be supposed that a sporogenous nucleus has 
entered into the cell, though a normal carpogonial 
branch could not be observed in this case. At 
all events the protuberances may be interpreted 
as the first stage of the gonimoblast. A similar stage is shown in fig. 494 A where 
a connection of the auxiliary cell with a normal carpogonial branch is not longer 
