(Kyun l.c. p.47), being 
in both cases inserted 
laterally on the second 
cell of the carpogonial 
branch. 
The gonimoblast 
filaments penetrate 
into the medullary 
tissue of cells rich 
in Floridean starch 
and produce numerous 
small carpospores. In 
the ripe cystocarps cell 
filaments consisting of 
long narrow cells are 
Fig. 494. seen traversing the 
Phyllophora membranifolia. Auxiliary cells producing gonimoblast filaments in various mass of carpospores 
stages of development. B—D isolated by squeezing. 390 : 1. 
(fig. 495, comp. KyLın 
1928, fig. 33 B). The cystocarps ripen in winter; they may still be met with in 
March to May, more or less empty. 
The nemathecia arise in July, sometimes already in June (Lf, Lb) as deep-red 
wedge-shaped spots on both faces of the lower part of the flat frond (fig. 489). 
They are built up of parallel filaments, the cells of which develop slowly into 
tetrasporangia except the outermost cells (comp. Darsi- 
SHIRE 1895, p. 27). The division takes place in winter (De- 
cember, January); in October I always found them undi- 
vided. The sporangium is first divided by a transverse wall, 
afterwards by two vertical walls perpendicular to the first. 
Phyllophora membranifolia occurs in all the Danish 
waters, from low-water mark or a little lower to at 
least 20 metres’ depth. The greatest observed depths 
are 41 m (Ns) and 25.5 m (Ke). It grows on stones, in 
particular on the sides of boulders, more rarely on 
shells (Astarte). As mentioned above, it only attains a 
small size in the Baltic Sea proper (east of Gedser), 
and around Bornholm it is dwarfish, at most 5.5 cm 
in height (fig. 496); the specimens from this section of 
the Baltic were all sterile though they were collected in 
July, August (mostly) and November. The species has 
otherwise been recorded in the Batic Sea from Gotland Fig. 495. 
(Krox, SvVEDELIUS) and from the east coasts of Smäland Phyllophora membranifolia. Portion 
à 2 å of a transverse seclion of a ripe cysto- 
and Skåne, but also here it was always sterile. LAKOWITZ carp. November. 390 : 1. 
