549 
orange or safranine, the walls of Phyllophora staining intensely while those of 
Ceralocolax remain unstained or much feebler stained (fig. 534). In thin vertical 
sections it is then in some cases possible to observe, at the periphery of the 
insertion of the parasite, that the latter penetrates into the ouler cell-wall under 
the cuticle, lifting the latter and sending thin haustoria from the lowermost 
cells into the cell-walls of the host (fig. 534). The cells are usually very small 
at the periphery of the insertion while they are much larger at the centre where 
it may sometimes be rather difficult to distinguish the cells of the two organisms 
from each other (Plate VIII, fig. 5, 6). But it is often evident that medullar cells 
of the host are separated from their neigh- 
bouring cells and incorporated in the 
tissue of the host as described already in 
1898 (fig. 8 A). 
In the plant represented in fig. 531 
the lowermost part has the character of 
an attachment disc growing under the 
euticle of the host plant (comp. Plate VIII, 
fig. 5), and such a disc may sometimes 
have a considerable extension. An unusu- 
ally strong development of the attach- 
ment dise is shown in Plate VIII, fig. 8, 
where it is very thick and encompasses 
the marginal part of a frond of Phyllo- ee 
phora. More frequently, however, the limit Ceralocolax Hartzii. dpe ee the limiting zone 
between the parasite and the host is in between the parasite and the host. 550 : 1. 
the angle where the short cylindric stem 
meets with the surface of the host (fig. 530 À, Plate VIII, 4). It seems further to 
happen sometimes that the lowermost portion of the parasite is encompassed by a 
funnel-shaped outgrowth from the host consisting of a continuation of the cortical 
tissue of the latter, as shown in Plate VIII, fig. 7, where the medullar tissue of 
the host, too, extends considerably upwards in the centre of the stem. It is owing 
to the firm consistency and the high staining power of the cell-walls of the funnel- 
shaped cortex that it is assumed to belong to the host-plant. On the other hand the 
parasite may penetrate into the host-plant (Plate VIII, 4). When the small cells of 
the parasite meet with the large medullar cells of the host, they penetrate partly 
between, partly into the cells. The formation of secondary pits is very lively on 
both sides of the boundary line, and pits between the host and the parasite may 
be observed (fig. 535); but in other cases the medullar cells are invaded and often 
filled with the small cells of the parasite and then evidently killed (comp. fig. 535 
to the right and Plate VIII, 4), and a number of the cortical cells must also have 
perished as a consequence of the attack of the parasite. 
As mentioned above, nemathecia were observed by Scumirz (1893), DARBISHIRE 
