580 
In older portions of the frond adventitious branches arise in indeterminate 
places. They seem to arise, like the primary ones, by divisions of one or a number 
of superficial cells. The adventitious shoots may be rather numerous in older 
fronds; they are thinner than the primary ones. 
Fig. 576. 
Chylocladia kaliformis. Young plants growing on a cystocarp-bearing spec- 
imen of Chylocladia kaliformis. August. A, with two fronds springing from 
the same attachment disc. 105 : 1. B, showing a dichotomy of the frond. 70:1. 
There exists yet a third mode of ramification, namely 
by dichotomy. DEBRAY described such a ramification which 
he had particularly observed in Chylocladia mediterranea 
(1886, p. 13). I seems to be rare in Ch. kaliformis, for I 
have only observed a few instances of dichotomy, most 
obvious in a young plant (fig. 576), the growing-point 
of which had been bifurcated before the appearance of 
the first diapraghm; both branches show two diaphragms’. : 
Reproduction. The antheridia were shortly described Fig: 577 
by Burrnam (1891, p. 249, pl. 15, figs. 3—4) who found them ee UR ER 
forming pale patches as irregular rings around the frond, but with annular patches of an- 
2 2 . theridia-producing cell-rows. 
otherwise they have not been mentioned; Kyrın dit not observe area Fie il 
them. I have examined a male specimen collected in August at 
Hirsholmene and preserved in alcohol by Mr. BoyE PETERSEN. The ring-shaped patches 
detected by BUFFHAM arise near the apex of the frond, in the transverse furrows at the 
level of the diaphragms. They are originally narrow, occupying only the furrow itself 
but increase early at their upper and lower margins and then form rather broad belts 
with irregular borders. In the young rings and at the borders of the older ones a 
great number of very small cells bud off from the edges of the cortical cells. These 
! I have observed the same ramification in Ch. kaliformis var. squarrosa at Biarritz; some joints 
were found to be bifurcate. 
