581 
cells divide actively and form close cell-rows growing inward from the edges of the 
cortical cells which are thus covered by a reticular layer the meshes of which 
diminish gradually in diameter by the growth of the creeping cell-rows, and the 
older parts of the fertile layer may finally be continuous, covering also the central 
parts of the cortical cells. From the upper side of the creeping cell-rows new small 
cells are early bud off, forming very short upright cell-rows the end-cells of which 
produce each a spermatium. The spermatia are shortly obovate, about 4 x in 
diameter and contain a large nucleus (figs. 578 C, D). The spermatial layer is covered 
by a thick gelatinous layer 
(comp. Batters 1. €.) which 
renders it very difficult to 
obtain good thin sections show- 
ing the development of the 
antheridia. 
The development of the 
carpogonial branch and of the 
cystocarp have been examined 
by several authors (JANCZEWSKI, 
SCHMITZ, HAUPTFLEISCH, Has- 
SENKAMP and, latest and most 
exhaustively, by KyLiN (1923)). 
As I have nothing to add, I 
shall content myself by refer- 
” ring to the excellent paper of 
Kyrın, adducing only the prin- Fig. 578. 
cipal facts. The curved 4-celled  Chylocladia kaliformis. Antheridia-producing cell-rows. A, seen from 
carpogonial branch is borne on the en a eee oe aug D: transverse 
ection of the antheridia-producing layer. 625 : 1. 
one of the large cortical cells. 
This supporling cell has early cut off two lateral cells which become auxiliary 
mother-cells. These cells (or one of them) bud off an auxiliary cell, before the 
fertilization. The fertilized nucleus of the carpogonium divides in the carpo- 
gonium, which forms two protuberances fusing with the two auxiliary cells. 
The auxiliary cell buds off outwards a cell, the first gonimoblast cell which is 
divided by radial walls into a number of pyramid-shaped cells which divide 
by a cross wall into an inner, smaller, and a larger outer cell; the latter is the 
young carpospore, the inner cells fuse together with the auxiliary cells. By further 
fusions of the basal cells with the auxiliary cells and with cells of the inner fruit- 
wall a large fusion cell arises which bears the carpospores on the outer side. The 
large globular cystocarp is surrounded by a wall without apical pore, built up of 
3 or 4 layers of cells. 
The tetrasporangia are irregularly spread in the cortex. As shown by Kyrın 
(1923, p. 43), they arise from large cortical cells of the 8rd or 4th order which are not 
2 De Coe 
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