605 
a well developed pore at the top. For further details of the structure and develop- 
ment of the cystocarp compare the quoted papers of SsésrepT and Kyuın. 
The tetrasporangia are developed in particular individuals; they arise in the 
cortex by transformation of primary cortical cells. They are cruciately divided. 
The species has been met with in several places at the coast of Skagerak 
from Hanstholm to Skagen, always growing near land at a depth of about one 
meter or at most two meters. It grows on stones but is often partly covered by 
sand. The species is perennial. It has not been observed in the winter months, 
because I have not visited the coast of Skagerak at that season, but large wintering 
specimens with emptied cystocarps were met 
with in April. The attachment disc winters, 
and the same is the case with a great part 
of the upright fronds or their lowermost part, 
and new shoots then arise from the dise or 
from the lowermost part of the wintering 
shoots. — Ripe tetrasporangia were met with 
in June, July and August, and as late as October 
tetraspore-bearing specimens were met with, 
but most of the sporangia were emptied. 
Antheridia were observed in July and August. 
Ripe cystocarps are common in July and 
August, and mostly emptied cystocarps were 
met with in October and as late as April. Fig. 608. 
Gracilaria confervoides, Vertical section of ripe cysto- 
Localities. Ns: Romo, on the shore at Havneby  carp, showing carpospores and among them absorb- 
(O. Jaap. Schrift. naturw. Ver. Schlesw.-Holstein, Bd. 12, ing tubular cells. Photo. 100 : 1. 
1902). Hjerting, 15. Aug. 1908 (collector unknown), some 
incomplete specimens, partly with cystocarps. — Sk: Hanstholm, west side of Roshage, near land, 
2 metres; on the shore at Svineklov (P. Petersen); Blokhus (E. Pingel); Lokken; Norre Lyngby (Ove 
Paulsen); Lønstrup, 1 m, and numerous specimens on the shore; Hirtshals, on stones near land, 1—2 m, 
west side and east of the mole; north side of Skagens Gren, in a seine, common on the shore. 
Loose forms. Gracilaria confervoides has only been met with attached to 
stones on the north coast of Jutland. Within Skagen it has only been found loose 
on the bottom in a few widely separated localities. LYNGBYE records Gigarlina confer- 
voides from the coast of Hindsholm Fioniæ as found by Horman BANG, and several 
specimens of this species from Hofmansgave are also contained in the herbarium 
of LYNGBYE, and in that of the Botanical Museum of Copenhagen, all collected by 
Horman BANG in the years 1824 to 1828, though it is said to be very rare. The 
species seems, therefore, to have lived here in a loose condition at least for some 
years, perhaps for a long time. On some of the specimens LYNGBYE has written, 
that Horman found them after the storm on the first of November 1827. It seems, 
therefore, that the species occurred only at a certain depth whence it was only 
