Lepidoptera of New York and Neighboring States 339 



2. YPONOMEUTA Latreille 

 (Hyponomeuta) 



Vestiture of head, body, palpi, and hind tibiae entirely smooth, that on the head 

 being of even, fine hair. No ocelli; male antennae with the outer rows of scales 

 raised, the sensory areas good-sized; scape large, cylindrical, with pecten; palpi 

 reaching about to middle of front, slender, often drooping; maxillary palpi minute. 

 Metathorax very large; scutum undivided. Fore wings (fig. 199) broadest four- 

 fifths way out; with rounded, nearly erect outer margin, and well-marked anal 

 angle at Cu^; accessory cell large; M 3 and CUj arising rather close together, the 

 other veins well spaced out. Hind wing about as broad as fore wing; oblong, 

 with a transparent spot at base of Cu; M 3 lost; the other veins well separated. 



Larvae (fig. 205) social, in a loose web. With primary setse only; posterior 

 dorsal setse on cervical shield farther apart than the anterior ones; ia and b 

 obliquely placed on metathorax; iv and v widely separate on abdomen; prolegs 

 with several complete circles of hooks. Pupa without fronto-clypeal suture; with 

 prothorax much narrowed on middle line: antenna? shortish, and not meeting 

 on middle line; maxillary palpi large, touching antenna?, middle legs, and tongue- 

 case; abdominal spiracles produced and tubular, but not the thoracic ones; cre- 

 master represented by four divergent setae. 



1. Y. multipunctella Clemens. White. A black spot on collar and a few on 

 thorax; fore wing with rows of black spots, those on A and above fold quite 

 regular. Male with hind wing gray except toward inner margin, base of costa, 

 and under side; female with ground color wholly white; fringes all white; in 

 aberration leucothorax Meyrick without dots on thorax. 20 mm. (orbimaculella 

 Chambers, euonynielUi Chambers, ordinatellus Walker, <$ semi-alba Mevrick 

 (H 48:44). 



Larva social on Euonymus. 



Y. leucothorax Meyrick was described as a male? with white hind wing. 



General but local in distribution. New York (Edwards and Angus Collections). 



2. Y. padella Linnaeus, with fore wing lightly suffused with gray, or at least 

 with a pale gray fringe, and wholly darker gray hind wing in both sexes, has been 

 introduced at Rochester, Geneva, and Schoharie, New York, and is somewhat 

 injurious to apple and other trees of the Rosacea?. 



3. 8WAMMERDAMIA Hiibner 



Closely related to Yponomeuta; palpi short, projecting, rough, not unlike Argy- 

 resthia; no maxillary palpi; head slightly roughened, but less so than in Argyres- 

 thia. Wings narrower than Yponomeuta and more lanceolate, but with the same 

 translucent patch. Larva (of European species, fig. 206) much like Yponomeuta, 

 with seta ib behind ia on metathorax, and the anterior seta of the prespiracular 

 wart lower (instead of higher) than the other two. 



1. S. castanese Busck. Head and thorax cream-white, becoming gray behind; fore . 

 wing shining violet gray, heavily dusted on a luteous ground, leaving the costal 

 fringe mostly pale, and pale stria? on the inner margin; wings becoming strongly 

 coppery toward the apex. 12 mm. (pyrella Busck, not Villiers). 



Larva solitary, in a loose open web on upper side of chestnut leaves. Green, 

 shaded with darker; tubercles very dark in pale yellowish areas; i and ii in line, 

 forming a broken subdorsal band. Head yellowish ; cervical shield pale. Early 

 July. Cocoon white, spindle-shaped, suspended in web. Moth emerging in 

 August. 



Dublin, New Hampshire; Connecticut; Pennsylvania. 



There is a closely related, undescribed, oak-feeding species, with only a white 

 bar in the fringe and the thorax wholly white. 



