342 William T. M. Forbes 



3. C. xylostella Linnaeus. Similar to C. dentiferella in structure. Fore wing 

 very strongly falcate, dark brown, with inner margin contrastingly light yellow, its 

 white edging sending a fine spur up to beyond end of cell. Hind wing dark brown. 

 Head and top of thorax white. 



June to July. Larva on Lonicera. 



Hyde Park, Massachusetts (Haimbach). New York: Ithaca (W. T. M. F.). 



8. EPERMENIA Hiibner 



(Chauliodus Treitschke) 



Head smoothly scaled, rounded, without ocelli; antennas a little over half as 

 long as fore wing, with pecten; palpi upturned to middle of front or beyond, with 

 the second joint slightly rough-scaled; the third joint similar and rather shorter, 

 broadly scaled to the apex; maxillary palpi very small, folded across the tongue; 

 tongue weak and naked. Hind tibiae stiffly bristled above and below; spurs above 

 middle; tarsi and mid-tibiae also bristled. Wings lanceolate, (fig. 204), more or 

 less falcate, almost as in Cerostoma; fringe broad at anal angle and sometimes 

 making the falcation much more marked. Fore wing with Sc reaching to middle 

 of costa; R t arising from before middle of cell, twice as long as R 2 ; normal, with 

 all veins present and well-marked accessory cell; R 4 and R 5 sometimes stalked, but 

 separate in imperialella, forking over apex; with small scale-tufts in dorsal fringe. 

 Hind wing with Sc reaching well toward apex, typically longer than A of fore 

 wing, R and M. 1 approximate at origin or stalked: the rest free; but the medials 

 typically closely approximate; m-cu longish and parallel to outer margin; hind 

 wing lanceolate, narrower than fore wing. 



Egg rough, oval, horizontal. Larva (fig. 211) with setae iv and v on a single 

 large plate; prolegs with 16 hooks in a single circle; the anals with 12 hooks. 

 Pupa perhaps the most primitive of the Obtectae, with seventh segment of abdomen 

 free in male, but third fixed; not progressing, with a large head and a narrow 

 prothorax; a small maxillary palpus not reaching the tongue; and a specialized 

 cremaster with about 10 hooked setae; antennae reaching to tip of wing but tongue 

 falling short; two deep pits on sides of ninth segment of abdomen. 



The genus is apparently of the same stock as the Yponomeutidse, but is quite 

 isolated and doubtful in position. Superficially it may be mistaken for Acrocercops, 

 but differs in the tufted wing and more extensively spined legs, as well as in the 

 family characters. 



Key to the species 



1. Yellow, fringe falcate, more decidedly so than membrane 6. imperialella. 



1. Grayish, membrane lanceolate, fringe less falcate. 

 2. Base of wing not noticeably paler. 



3. A white discal dot, preceded by a heavy black bar 1. albapunctella. 



3. No white discal dot; at most, with some whitish scales outlining a black 

 dot. 



4. Ash gray with yellowish streaks 2. ramapoella. 



4. Reddish with sparse, irregular, white dusting only 3. pimpinella. 



2. Basal third somewhat paler gray 4. cicutaella. 



2. Basal half whitish '. 5. canicinctella. 



I. Fore mng with a series of about six tufts on inner margin; the first one 

 the largest, and the last ones in the fringe; R 4 and R 5 stalked; hind wing linear. 

 more acute, a fourth as wide as its fringe, with M 1} M 2 , and M 3 approximate 

 or stalked (Epermenia). 



1. E. albapunctella Busck. Blackish gray; irregularly powdered with grayish 

 white; two white dots on disc, the outer one contrasting; a thick black bar 

 between them, which spreads out into a transverse bar at its anterior end. 12 mm. 



