Lepidoptera of New York and Neighboring States 377 



weak. Body slender ; hind tibia hairy, the others smooth-scaled. Wings 

 broad, the fore wing often abruptly widened at the base, giving the 

 family its name of "bell moths," from the shape of the moths with 

 their wings folded. Fore wing (fig. 252) with R 3 rarely running to 

 costa; base of M simple (representing M 3 ) crossing the cell obliquely, 

 or, more rarely, absent; accessory cell often ill defined; Cu, arising 

 two-thirds way out on cell, or less ; distant from Ci^ ; 1st A free and 

 weak at base, absent in a few reduced forms. Hind wing ample, with 

 fringe markedly widened at anal angle ; scaling soft. 



Egg flat. Larva (figs. 244-246, 284-287) with hooks of prolegs 

 multiordinal, except in a few reduced forms; ninth segment of abdo- 

 men with tubercles ii usually united, always approximate ; iv and v 

 on abdomen obliquely or vertically placed; vii of seventh segment, 

 of two or more sets. Pupa with hooked spines either on last segment, 

 or on the specialized cremaster, tongue well developed ; maxillary palpi 

 separating from tongue on dehiscence ; antenna? reaching nearly to tip 

 of wings. 



This is one of the large world-wide families, and very nearly repre- 

 sents one of Linnaeus' subgenera of Phakena (Tortrix). Several of the 

 genera recognized here are based on secondary male characters only and 

 have been rejected by Walsingham and Durrant, and others. Our series 

 of forms is so unwieldly and other clean-cut characters are so scarce 

 that I have retained them here with some modifications. The venational 

 characters vary a little, and in some cases a series will be necessary to 

 make sure that a specimen is not a venational freak. The costal fold in 

 the male, when it occurs, is often very tightly closed, especially in 

 Eucosma and Epiblema, and is easily overlooked; when it becomes rudi- 

 mentary, as in some Archips, it is usually open and more easily seen. 



Key to genera; imago 



1. No fringe on base of Cu of hind wing (often with loose hair below Cu, or 

 with a fringe on base of 2d A). 

 2. Fore wing with R t and R 3 stalked half way to apex; R 5 running to outer 

 margin (fig. 235). 



3. R 3 arising from the same stalk 36. Coelostathma. 



3. R s arising from cell 37. Adoxophyes. 



2. R 4 and R n very shortly stalked or free. 



3. M 3 and Cu x of hind wing united 39%. Tortricodes. 



3. M, and Cu x separate, rarely stalked. 



4. Fore wings with R 3 running to costa; apex more or less marked (fig. 



236) 39. Peronea. 



4. Fore wings with R- running to outer margin, or to the bluntly rounded 



apex (fig. 237). 



5. Palpi ascending (fig. 242) ; hind wing with R and M 1 approximate at 



base. 



6. Thorax with posterior crest; M 3 and CUj of hind wing usually 



slightly separate at origin 41. Harmologa. 



