516 



William T. M. Forbes 



1. B. crescentella Walsingham. Powdery gray; markings much like C. fernal- 

 dana; the postmedial shade strongly and evenly excurved; the larger tufts with 

 contrasting yellow scales on their upper and outer sides, the one at the end of 

 ths cell showing as a yellow and white crescent to the naked eye. 13 mm. 



May. 



General in distribution, South of Pennsylvania. New York: Rock City (not 

 rare), Big Indian Valley. 



Family 31. COSSID^I (Zeuzeridae) 



Head with erect vestiture, sometimes forming a distinct tuft on 

 vertex; no ocelli; male antennas, in the North American species, pecti- 

 nate, at least toward the base. Shaft scaled on the upper side, the scales 

 irregular and often ephemeral. Palpi upturned to middle of front 

 (Cossinaa) or very short (Zeuzerinae) ; the other mouth-parts rudimen- 

 tary. Thorax with spatulate vestiture, usually rather close, with a 

 posterior tuft in the Cossinaa; vestiture loose and woolly in the Zeu- 

 zerinaB; pleurae, loAver side of femora, and abdomen also with spatulate 

 vestiture, mixed with loose hair in the Zeuzerinae. Legs stout, often with 

 short spurs. Body very stout, far exceeding the hind wings, as in the 

 Sphingidas, but somewhat more clumsy. Fore wing (figs. 294, 295) with 

 a large accessory cell, separated from the discal cell by a strong vein; 

 R 3 to R 5 stalked from its tip, R 4 and R 5 the farthest; base of media 

 well developed, forked, enclosing an intercalary cell in our species; 



\ 



6^. 





JU 



Psp 





vQ " 



Subv. 



-^ 



T. 







T. vm 



^ 4 





"'V « *" ib 



0s P 







vi(^ 



vS 



A ""' ' 



A v "" 



Figs. 294-297. cossidje and castniid^; 

 294, Prionoxystus robinke, venation; 295, Zeuzera pyrina, venation; 296, Cossus 

 coasus, seta map of . penultimate stage of larva (Europe); 297, Castwia harmodius 

 (Castniidae), fore wing (South America). 



1st A fully developed; 2d A strongly forked at base. Hind wing 

 proportionately small; frenulum ordinarily well developed, rarely 

 lost; humeral vein sometimes distinct, running across to base of 

 frenulum; R x variable; when present, arising near middle of cell or 

 beyond; exceptionally long and strong in Prionoxystus, where it is 

 well beyond the middle of the cell, sometimes supplemented by a 



