Haughton — Notes on Newtonian Chemistry — F. 287 



Ifi"we now consider the molecules in space, we replace the circles by 

 spheres, and imagine the atoms of hydrogen and chlorine revolving 

 on their respective spheres in every possible plane passing through 

 the centre, so that each molecule will exclude, from its own sphere, 

 the intrusion of any other molecule. We shall assume nothing at 

 present as to the relative radii of the molecular spheres, except that 

 they are very small, as compared with the distances that separate the 

 molecules in space. 



The most general form of the fundamental equations is the fol- 

 io wiag : — When a molecule of hydrogen and a molecule of chlorine 

 combine to form two molecules of hydrochloric, acid, the orbits being 

 supposed coplanar : 



/3 + 1 





-/^o,' = /?ri2coi+ 1 + ai, (A) 



^ 



r'^oi'^+2€, = firi^wi'+ 1, (C) 



//3^(^)><o-. (B) 



These equations represent, on Newtonian principles,' 



(A) The Conservation of areas (Couples) ; 

 (C) The Conservation of vis viva (Energy) ; 



(B) The Configuration of the molecule ; 

 and the letters have the following meanings : 



/5 = atomic weight of chlorine, &c. 



r' = radius of hydrochloric acid molecule. 



Ti - radius of chlorine molecule. 



w' = angular velocity of hydrochloric acid molecule. 



toi = angular velocity of chlorine molecule. 



tti = additional couple, positive or negative (if any), to be added 



from without, to effect the combination (reckoned ^er 



atom of hydrogen), 

 ei = loss of energy, if any, caused by the collision of the atoms 



during combination (reckoned ^er atom of hydrogen), 

 /u.' = coefficient of attraction (or repulsion) between hydrogen 



and chlorine, &c. ; or, action of unit mass of hydrogen 



upon unit mass of chlorine, &c., at the unit distance. 



