UssHER — Report on the Breeding-range of Birds in Ireland. 405 



Emberiza citrinella, L., Yellow Hammer. — Breeds numerously 

 in every Irish county ; is one of our commonest and most widely 

 distributed birds. 



Fringilla ceelebs (L.), Chaffinch. — Breeds numerously in every 

 Irish county, but is best known as a winter visitant to some of the 

 treeless districts of the western coast, as the Mullet in Mayo, and the 

 parish of Templecrone in Donegal. 



Passer montanus (L.), Tree Sparrow. — Breeds in several places 

 on the coast of Dublin where it is increasing. A pair were observed 

 on Arranmore Island, Co. Donegal ; not sufficiently identified in any 

 other part of Ireland, 



Passer domesticus (L.), House Sparrow. — Breeds in every Irish 

 county, being usually numerous in some spots, and absent elsewhere. 



Ligurinus chloris (L.), Greenfinch. — Breeds commonly in every 

 county in Ireland. 



Carduelis elegans, Stephens, Goldfinch. — Breeds in every county 

 in Ireland, even near the western coast of Donegal, being common in 

 most parts where it is not persecuted by birdcatchers, but scarce near 

 towns. 



Chrysomitris spinus (L.), Siskin, — Breeds locally in Donegal, 

 Down, Armagh, Fermanagh, Dublin, Wicklow, Wexford, "Waterford 

 and probably in Cork, Kerry, and some other counties. It seems to 

 be most numerous in Wicklow, but its numbers are very uncertain, 

 varying from one year to another in the breeding season. 



Acanthis rufescens (Vieillot), Lesser Bedpoll. — Recorded as 

 breeding in every Irish county, except two, where it has probably 

 been overlooked. Yery common in many districts, from north to 

 south, and not confined to timbered localities, as it will breed in 

 willows and furze. 



Acanthis cannabina (L.), Linnet. — Breeds in every Irish county 

 in the open and upland districts. 



Acanthis flavirostris (L.), Twite. — Breeds in the mountainous 

 and maritime counties ; numerous in districts like the coasts of Water- 

 ford, which are elevated and rocky, abounding in heath and furze in 

 which it breeds on or near the ground. 



Pyrrhula europsea, Yieillot, Bullfinch. — Breeds in every Irish 

 county, being numerous in wooded and cultivated parts. 



Iioxia curviostra, L., Crossbill. — Has bred, or at least remained 

 through the breeding season, especially since 1888, in Down, Armagh, 

 Fermanagh, Westmeath, Meath, Wicklow, Kildare, Queen's County, 

 King's County, Tipperary, Waterford, Cork, Kerry, and Sligo, and 



