436 Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. 



In final clauses after co na, ' in order that not/ ' lest ' : — 



III. 414, 25 CO na dernat fogail, iv. 122, z ; iii. 54, 17 co na dernad si in com- 

 logud sin, ' ne faceret.' 



Or the simple na : — 



II. 288, 20 na derna nach cunnrud; iii. 56, 12 na derna tennruidiud indlig- 

 thech. 



In the concessive clause after cen co, ' even though not ' : — 



III. 56, 1 1 cen co derna imgoin, ' even though he do not produce a wound ' ; 

 52, 28. 62, 19 cin co derna in gaire, 'even though he do not perform the main- 

 tenance' ; IV. 252, 21 cin co derna comoige ; i. 62, 5, 13 cinco dernait innscuchad 

 graid ; — Pass., iii. 364, 4 coir, cen co dernta a athchor. 



On I. 62, 15 it is used after uair na, ' hecause not,' uair na dernut maith di-a 

 tochus, rendered ' because they have not done good with their property,' but dernut. 

 [unless an error for dernutar'], is certainly not a perfect. 



It is also used in the subordinate clause, where the principal 

 clause is negated : — 



Cf. II. 338, 22, 24, 27 nocon fuil aice ni d'a nderna a bethamnas, * he has nothing 

 of which he can make his livelihood ' ; 



as also where the principal is — {a) a ^ iohoever^-c\a.XLse, or [h) a 

 hypothetic or (c) concessive clause : — 



(ffl) III. 228, 13 cibe inad i nderna arach, ' whatever be the place in which he 

 effect the tying'; [cf. also the construction in iv. 176,23 cipe inruiret ... do 

 neoch na dene olcc friu;] {b) in. 354,23 ma[d] daine . . . na denat clann doib, 

 'if they be persons . . . for whom they do not make progeny'; (c) in. 226,8 is 

 inann ocus na dernad in urscartad, ' it is the same as though he were not to do 

 the warning-o£P.' 



The above use in the protasis runs tolerably parallel with 

 Latin construction, but it may be noted that the use of the 

 subjunctive in the apodosis, ' si habeam dem,' ' si haberem darem,' 

 has no parallel in Irish, because the language possesses a proper 

 form for this in its Future present and imperfect, from the 

 lengthened root-stem dogen^, fut. dogena, 'oojeAU^, condit. 

 [imperf.fut.^ dogenad, XDogeAvUxs-o. 



