470 Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. 



ytnbilio a tM, 'however much, he beg thee,' 3, 19 ; yr a dctter yndi, 

 ' however much be put into it,' 15, 13 ; — but also used in the form, 

 yr y uychanet a iio, ' for all its smallness,' 60, 6 ; cf 264, 23 yr a del 

 nac les nac afles ymi hynny, ' whatever come to me — of good or 

 ill — from this ' ; yr a welych nac yr a ylywych, nac ymchoel di, 

 270, 13; yr a ostecTcer arnat ti ny thewy di byth, ' however much 

 silence is enjoined on thee, thou art never silent,' 280, 21. 



Cf. also the use of meint, 221, 9, yr meint uo y gwrthret arnaf yn 

 arhos. 



(d) In mere consecution, where the subordinate clause states the result 

 as a simple matter of fact, the indicative mood is of course employed? 

 cf. 167, 24 ar y Uech y mae kawc aryant wrth gadwyn aryant, mal na 

 ellir eu gwahanu, ' so that they cannot be separated.' 



(e) But where the action refers to the future, the consecutive in 

 general goes over into ih.&final^ the subordinate clause expressing not so 

 much the result secured as the purpose intended : "so, that I do &c." 

 becoming '■'■in order that I may &c." In negative clauses, after an 

 introductory 'I will cause that . . .', the negative is usually preceded 

 by hyt, which probably is rather consecutive than /?««?/, = " to such 

 an extent, that ..." Thus, without conjunctive particle, (but 

 of course with the subjunctive negative ««,) we have, mi a wnaf . . . 

 na ho gwr ... a wypo, 3, 22 ; mi a wnaf na chaffo ef viui vyth, 

 13, 16 ; mi a baraf . . . na 5o llawnach no chynt, 13, z ; mi a wnaf, na 

 hych byth bellach [yn ormes], 223,14; perhaps also 80, i, (mi a 

 wnaf) . . . na leidych ditheu dangos dy wyneb. 



Eut in this case hyt is also prefixed, gwnaf . . . hyt na ho gwas 

 ... a wypo, 'I will arrange so that none shall know &c.' 3, 10; 

 kymer gedernit y-ganthaw, na ho amovyn na dial vyth amdanaw, 

 * take pledges, in order that there may not be, &c., [or perhaps better, 

 'to the effect that &c.'] 16, 10; karchara wynt, hyt iiixt elo7it dracheuyn, 

 ' imprison them, so that they may not go back,' 34, 14 ; mi a dodaf 

 teir diaspat . . . hyt na io agheuach ym penn P., 104, i ; mi a yrraf 

 letrith ar y ki, hyt na wjiel argywed y neb, ' I shall cast an illusion 

 on the hound so that he may not do hurt to any one,' 115, 13. 



Cf . also, a daw hitheu yma y teruyn y gweler, ' does she ever come 

 hither, so that she may be seen,' 117, 10; par weithon wahard y 

 llongeu . . . ual nat el neb y gymry, 34, 13. 



Sometimes we find 7nal : mal na ho7it ueichawc byth hediw allan, 

 104, 6 ; mal y crettoch, ' in order that ye may believe,' 131, 10; ef 

 a vennyc fford itti, ual y keffych yr hynn a geissy, 166, 18 ; ual y 



