Atkinson — On the Subjunctive Mood in Welsh. 475 



him cause to be brought any horse of [the kind] which is fitting to 

 women for their riding,' 247, 6 ; a uo yma or a dylyho bot yn wr y 

 Y.' ' whoever is present of [the class] that ought to do homage 

 to Y.,' 257, 23; diwallrwyd or a allwyf^' abundance of all that I 

 can (give),' 256, 11; vyg goreugwyr or a erkyttyo o-nadunt dyuot 

 attaf, ' my nobles, as many of them as wish to come to me,' 

 267,2 3. 



[These examples are enough to show that the explanation of the 

 phrase suggested by Professor Rhys, EBH II. Pref. xxxv., that or a} 

 is a mere mistake for a ry (where a represents the relative, and ry is 

 the perfect prefix, ro, 0, Ir.), is not wholly^ satisfactory. For the 

 example just given or a ivedo, 247, 6, could have no imaginable refe- 

 rence to a perfective ry. 



It is evident that the discussion could not be thoi'ough without 

 embracing the use of the form ar as often exemplified in the second of 

 two coordinate clauses ; cf. 160, x, y pwy bynnac a vynno kanlyn A., 

 bit heno y ghernyw gyt ac ef ; ac ar ny's mynno, bit yn erbyn A. hyt 

 yn oet- y gygreir, ' whoever may be willing to follow Arthur, let him 

 be to-night in Cornwall with him ; and he who does not wish it, let 

 him be against Arthur even up to the truce.' Here the negative ny's 

 apparently obliterates the relatival a, as regularly ; what therefore is 

 the construction of the previous ar ? It is quite out of the region of 

 possibility to regard it as containing ry, for ry- is always close to 

 the verb, from which it cannot be separated. Cf. the two 



pwy bynnac a vynno, a del 6,1. 



ac ar ny-s mynno ac ar ny del. 



Most certainly ar involves the meaning ' he who,' 'whoever,' and the 

 only point to determine is, koto that meaning is to be accounted for. 



JN'ow let the examples be studied in which or a occurs, and it will 

 be manifest that in every case reference is made to a class out of which 

 a selection is made. Cf., 48, 20 yr honn a mynnych or a wdam ni, 



^ It is not without interest to see the treatment in the Laws \_Anc. Laws and 

 Instit. of Wales, 1841], where the later MS. D very frequently inserts or into the 

 text given hy the early A in the Venedotian code; cf. 1. 7, 12 o pop punt [or] a del 

 y'r brenyn, ' out of every pound of what accrues to the king ' ; cf. 1. 9, 1 1 ; 1. 8, 7 

 a paup [or] y rodho ef ofrum ydaw ; 1. 8, 10 pop ynseylagoret [or] rodher, 1. 11, 16 

 pop enat [or] a prouo ; 1.12,6 pop march [or] a rodho; of. 1.15,4; 19,6; 

 21, 5(?) ; 24, 5 &c. &c. 



^ This cp. prep, occurs twice in the Job : 



Cf. Job XXV. 5 wele hyd yn oed y lleuad ; xxviii. 3 hyd yn oed y meim &c. 



