Hardman — On Analysis of Coals and Iron-stones. 531 



Heating Power : — 1 lb. of the coal evaporates 12-15 lbs, of water 

 at 212° F.; and 1 cubic foot of the coal evaporates 1043-32 lbs. of 

 water at 212^ F. 



This portion of the coal is of rather inferior quality, as it contains 

 layers of shale or slate, sulphate of lime, &c. The ash is large in 

 •quantity, and of a heavy, dirty, red appearance. The heating power is, 

 however, high, and it is on the whole a good strong coal, very useful 

 for furnaces, &c. 



The next coal of value above this is the Creenagh coal, which is 

 made up of several portions, the section being : — 



ft. in. 



Upper ''soft coal," ... 1 10 



Cannel coal, 1 2 



Cracker, 4 



Lower, "soft coal," . . 1 2 



iN'o. 3. — Creenagh soft coal. Prom Castlestuart Colliery, Creenagh. 



Anaxtsis. 



Volatile matter, including sulphur and water, . 43-40 



Fixed carbon, 39-80 



Ash,* 16-80 



Coke, 



100-00 

 "Water at 212° F., . 7-46 per cent. 

 Sulphur, . . . . 1-94 ,, 

 Ash in coke, . . . 21 '30 ,, 

 Specific gravity, . 1-452 



HEATra-G PowEE. — 1 lb. of the coal evaporates 10-45 lbs. of water 

 at 212° F.; and 1 cubic foot of the coal evaporates 930-75 lbs. of water 

 at 212° F. 



The Creenagh soft coal is rather tender, but is sometimes obtained 

 in large blocks. It is, however, very ashy, and contains many layers 

 of sulphate of lime, which both add to its weight and deteriorate the 

 quality. The ash is heavy and dirty, and the heating power is lowest 

 of any seam in the district. It is at the same time a useful coal, and 

 in good demand in the neighbourhood. 



It may be mentioned that the pit from which the specimens used 

 in the above analysis were obtained was very wet, owing to the 

 encroachment of water through a fault. This will probably account 

 for the extreme amount of hygroscopic moisture estimated, 



* Mean of four experiments. 



