10 



Donald Reddick and V. B. Stewart 



TABLE 1 (concluded) 



"\'ariety 



Loca- 

 tion 



General condition of growth for the 

 respective seasons 



Condition of roots at 

 digging time 





1912 



1913 



1914 



1915 



1916 



1917 



1918 



1919 





Baldwin 



King 



C-7 



C-9 



D-6 



D-8 



*D-9 



D-2 



D-4 



*D-7 



C-6 



g 

 e 



g 

 e 

 f 

 e 



e 



e 



e 



g 

 g 



e 

 g 

 g 

 e 



e 



e 



e 



g 

 e 



e 

 e 

 e 

 e 



e 



e 



e 



g 

 e 



e 



e 

 e 

 e 



e 



e 



e 



g 

 e 



e 

 e 

 e 

 e 



e 



e 



e 



g 

 e 



e 

 e 

 e 

 e 



e 



8 



e 



g 



e 



e 

 e 

 e 

 e 



e 



e 



e 



f 

 e 



e 

 e 

 e 

 e 



e 



e 



e 



g. No gall 



g. Hard gall (egg) at sur- 



King 



face of ground 

 g. No gall 



King 



e. No gall 



King 



g. No gall 



Wolf River 



Wolf River 



Wolf River 



Alexander 



e. Doubtful galls on a few 



small roots 

 e. Small gall (egg) in 



crown 

 e. No gall; stock enlarged 



(natural?) 

 e. Stock enlarged on one 



side; hard gall present 



The trees were removed on May 24, 1920. About two-thirds of them 

 were pulled by hitching a team directly to them; the remainder were 

 pulled with blocks. There was not the least indication that gall-free 

 trees pulled more easily than those originally bearing galls. One tree, 

 B-6, broke off at the surface of the ground, but this seems to have been 

 due to weakening from borers and to the large size of the roots. 



On examining the roots it could not be detected, from their appearance, 

 size, or length, that there was any difference between the roots of galled 

 trees and those of trees free from galls. The most surprising thing revealed 

 by examination of the roots was that in many instances the original gaUs 

 had disappeared completely. This was true in practically all cases in 

 which the original tree had a long rootstock and the gall was located 

 near the base of the stock. All the main roots issued from the stock 

 near the surface of the ground, due perhaps to the nature of the subsoil. 

 In most cases in which the gall was located on a lateral root, both root 

 and gall had disappeared, but the same disappearance of original roots 

 was noted in healthy trees also. 



Summary for the apple experiment 



The data m table 1 may be summarized in a few words. In no case 

 is there indication that the presence of crown-gall on the roots of these 

 apple trees interfered in any way with growth. The galls had largely 



