Ryan and Ebrill — The Sijnthesis of Glycosides. 385 



or petroleum ether, but very readily soluble in hot alcohol. They 

 melt, when dry, at 176-177° C. The arabinoside does not reduce 

 Fehling's solution before hydrolysis, but does so readily after hydro- 

 lysis by boiling with dilute sulphuric acid for a short time. 



Comer sion of Acetochloroarahinose into Orthocresyl Arabinoside. 



Equimolecular quantities of orthocresol, potassium hydroxide, and 

 acetochloroarahinose were mixed together in alcoholic solution. The 

 copious precipitate which first formed was redissolved on boiling the 

 mixture. After remaining at the ordinary temperature for a few 

 days, the filtrate from the precipitated potassium chloride was allowed 

 to evaporate spontaneously, and the residual oil was dissolved in 

 boiling water. On concentrating to a small bulk, and allowing it to 

 stand for several days, beautiful rosettes, consisting of needle-shaped 

 crystals, were obtained, which were dried on clay and reciystallized 

 from water. "When air-dried at 100° C. it melted at 124° C, and gave 

 an analysis : -— 



0-1548 g. sbst. : 0-3364 g. CO2, 0-0978 H2O, 



C 59-44, H 7-02, 

 C12 His O5 requires C 59-95, H 6-7. 



Orthocresyl aralinosicle is soluble in cold water, and very readily 

 soluble in hot water. It is insoluble in ether and carbon disulphide, 

 scarcely soluble in chloroform or benzene, and easily soluble in alcohol 

 or acetone, from which it separates in beautiful branching needles. 

 The arabinoside does not reduce Fehling's solution before, but readily 

 after, hydrolysis by hot, dilute sulphiuic acid. The hydrolysed solu- 

 tion smelt of cresol. 



Nomenclature employed. 



It has been customary, up to the present, to call a substance which 

 can be hydrolysed by an enzyme or a dilute acid to two or more 

 bodies, one of which is a reducing sugar — a ylucoside. The oldest and 

 best-known members of the series are derivatives of glucose, and, in 

 these cases, the term is a correct one. When, however, similar 

 derivatives were obtained from another hexose, such as galactose, 

 they should, strictly speaking, have been termed galactosides. 



In most instances, this system has been adopted ; but a difficulty is 

 still felt in finding a suitable name for the whole series. 



