Browne — The Ethnography of Clare Island and Tnishturk. 43 



brachycephalic and two dolielioceplialic. The extremes were 86-6 

 and 71 •2. The cranial height is less than observed in any of the 

 places yet surveyed (the mean vertical index being 63-0 as against 

 66-2 for Aran 69'2, for Inishbonn and Inishshark, 65'8 for the 

 Mullet, Iniskea, and Portacloy, and 65*6 for Ballycroy. 



The cranial curve is even, and there is, as a rule, no occipital projec- 

 tion, the line of the posterior region of the head being continuous with 

 that of the neck. The forehead is broad and upright with well-marked 

 frontal bosses. The glabella and superciliary ridges are of fair size. 



Some asymmetrical and abnormal forms of head were met with, 

 including one instance of acrocephaly in Inishturk. 



Face. — The face is long, but looks much broader than it really is, 

 owing to the great breadth in the bigonial region. The cheek-bones 

 are prominent. The eyes are deeply set, and often have wrinkles round 

 them, which appear to come rather early, they are placed rather wide 

 apart. They have irides of a blue or light grey, seldom dark grey, or 

 green, and less often dark. 



The nose is straight or sinuous, sometimes retrousse, but seldom 

 aquiline. It is rather broad in the nostrils, as a rule, the mean nasal 

 index being 69-1 ; in some cases the nostrils are rounded in form, and 

 visible from the front. 



The mouth is large and has lips of medium thickness. The teeth 

 seem to be as a rule sound and even. The angles of the jaws are 

 rather marked. The chin is square and often prominent. 



Several abnormalities of the external ear were met with out of the 

 fifty-six men noted. The lobule was attached in thirteen, and absent 

 in fourteen. In some the pinna was slightly flattened out, and in nine 

 the Darwinian tubercle was present. 



Shin. — The complexion is fair or ruddy, usually turning a bright 

 red from exposure to the sun, but in a considerable number of cases 

 freckling. As in the people of most of the western districts wrinkles 

 come early. 



Sair. — The hair is usually a clear brown ; next in order of 

 frequency of occurrence comes dark brown, then black, then fair, and 

 lastly red. The hair is often wavy or curly, and is usually thick 

 and abundant. The beard is of lighter colour than the hair of the 

 scalp. The nigrescence index for the adults of both sexes is 43'35. This 

 description, however, must be taken as a general one, as there are 

 considerable differences observable, especially some between the 

 inhabitants of the two islands which will be treated more fully 

 in another section. 



