FAMILY ZYG.ENIDJE. 29 



prominent. There are no hairs on the body, while in Eudryas 

 grata they are prominent. 



Pupa. Dr. Harris (p. 427) merely remarks that " the 

 chrysalis is dark brown, and rough with elevated spots." The 

 whole body is elongate and rather slender ; both the head and 

 pro-thorax taper continuously towards the clypeal tubercle, 

 which is quite prominent. The antennse do not reach to the 

 end of the wings. The pro-thorax is twice as broad as long ; 

 slightly carinated. The sides of the body are continuous and 

 straight from the base of the wings to the fourth abdominal ring, 

 while the body itself is hardly depressed or constricted at the 

 juncture of the thorax and abdomen. The wings meet upon the 

 sternum, reaching to the middle of the body. Fifth to seventh 

 rings of the abdomen separated by deep sutures, while the sur- 

 face of each ring is flat, not convex, with two rows of small 

 teeth ; while lower down on the sides of the body are four tuber- 

 cles, being the remnants of the two middle pairs of prop legs. 

 The remaining rings are less angulated. The tips of the abdo- 

 men is obtusely conical, ending in four tubercles, the pair above 

 long and truncate, those below broad and short. On the under 

 side are two minute approximate tubercles. 



The whole chrysalis is of a dark mahogany brown, with the 

 surface finely granulated. 



Length, .80 ; breadth, .20 inch. 



Subfamily Zyg^nitoe. 



We use for the subfamily name one previously employed by 

 Swainson in 1839 for a family of Sharks. He was evidently 

 mistaken in saying that Cuvier was the first to adopt the name 

 Zygsena. That name was long before proposed by Fabricius 

 in 1775, and adopted by Latreille in 1807. 



The head is large and prominent ; the front very convex, 

 nearly square, with the angles well defined, with rather long or 

 short scales. The occiput and epicranium together equal in 

 length the clypeus which is square, convex. The antennse are 

 inserted therefore midway between the front edge and the base 

 of the head. They are in the typical genus simple, much 

 thickened towards the extremity or, as in the lower genera, well 

 pectinated. The two ocelli are situated at either end of the 

 raised suture or ridge between the occiput and epicranium, and 

 immediately behind the insertion of the antennas. The eyes 

 are large, globose. Labrum short and broadly triangular. 



