TypHa Insects: THEIR EcoLoGicaAL RELATIONSHIPS 499 
The first-stage nymph (Plate XLIV, 48) 
Length 0.857 mm.; greatest width, across wing pads, 0.280 mm. Length of antenna 
“0.428 mm. When first emerging from the egg, the general color of the nymph bright red. 
Eyes carmine red. Abdomen, vertex of head, and lateral margins of the-body, of a darker 
color than the rest of the body. Thorax, front of head, antennae, and legs, of a light yellowish 
color. Several hours after hatching, nymph of a different appearance: Head, thorax, and 
tip of the abdomen very dark red, almost brown. Abdomen carmine, mottled with yellow. 
Legs and antennae greenish yellow, the antennae lighter at the joints. The epicranial suture 
and the median dorsal thoracic line lighter in color. 
The second-stage nymph (Piate XLIV, 51) 
Length 1.5 mm.; greatest width, across wing pads, 0.368 mm. Length of antenna 0.575 
mm. General color carmine red. Head and thorax dark reddish brown. Intermixed with 
the red color of the abdomen, many yellowish blotches. Antennae dark red, lighter at the 
joints. Rostrum somewhat lighter than the rest of the head. Epicranial suture and median 
thoracic line pale. First thoracic segment uniformly dark; in the second segment the dark 
color restricted to two rectangular patches; in the third segment the darker color present 
in two transverse lines. The dorsal glands showing as short, brown, transverse lines between 
the abdominal segments 3 and 4, 4 and 5, and 5 and 6. 
The third-stage nymph (Plate XLIV, 50) 
Length 2.08 mm.; greatest width, across wing pads, 0.598 mm. Length of antennae 0.69 
mm. General color a little darker than in the preceding stage. Head uniformly dark 
brown, except for the lighter epicranial suture and a lighter spot on the rostrum. Head 
and thorax covered with faint white pile. In this stage the pro- and mesothorax uniformly 
dark brown, with the dark patches on the metathorax a little wider than in the preceding 
stage. The light median line on the thorax present as in the previous stages. The mottled 
appearance of the red and yellow color of the abdomen more pronounced in this stage. 
Dorsal glands more plainly visible. Wing pads just beginning to show. Entire body more 
hairy than in preceding stages. ‘ 
The fourth-stage nymph (Plate XLIV, 49) 
Length 2.71 mm.; greatest width, across wing pads, 0.989 mm. Length of antennae 1.04 
mm. Color of head and thorax dark brown. Epicranial suture and median dorsal line of 
thorax light red. Rostrum of head with a short black longitudinal line on each side. 
Eyes carmine red. Antennae slightly lighter than head and thorax, much lighter at the 
joints. Dorsum of prothorax on each side with a blackish, triangular, transverse spot, as 
shown in Plate XLIV, 49. Wing pads extending 5 mm. beyond the posterior margin of 
the mesothorax. The mottled color of the abdomen much as in the preceding stage. The 
white pile on the head and thorax thicker and more plainly visible than in preceding 
stages. Dorsal glands as in third stage. 
