Tue Brotocy or EpHypra SUBOPACA LOEW 563 
PHYSICAL FEATURES OF SALT POOLS 
Sorl 
Although these pools are scarcely over a year old, due to the destruction 
and reconstruction of the salt works within two years, the physical features 
in them are perfectly natural. Pools A to F are located close to one side 
of a delta deposit of Hamilton shales on the east shore of Cayuga Lake. 
The soil at the east side of the pools is largely made up of such deposit 
and is elevated about one meter higher than the soil at the other side, 
which is on the ground level. The soil of the higher side has shales mixed 
with clay, while that of the lower side,: which composes three-fourths of 
the circumference and slopes down to the bottom, is entirely free from 
shales and is a homogeneous, purely clay soil. 
The condition in pools I and II, and in the overflowed areas, is entirely 
different. The overflowed areas are composed of sandy loam with some 
organic materials, such as grass stems, and with small fragments of boards 
and animal excrement sparingly scattered over. 
Pools I and II, in which the water is much deeper, possess some different 
features as far as soil is concerned. They are situated quite away from 
the delta deposit, and no shales have been found in them. One side of 
these two pools is adjacent to a path built up with a mixture of cinders 
and sandy loam and their bottoms are on the same ground level with the 
overflowed areas. Glancing into the pools through the transparent and 
comparatively fresh brine water, the homogeneous grayish black color of the 
soil affirms that the entire bottom and the slopes below the water sur- 
face consist of nothing but sandy loam mixed with coarse cinders. 
Water 
The pools, in contrast to the overflowed areas, are permanent. The 
general condition of the water varies according to rainfall, sunshine, 
salinity, and biological content, and sometimes to artificial causes also. The 
average diameter of these pools measures from 1.35 to 1.4 meters, and 
the depth from 0.35 to 0.4 meter; that of the overflowed areas, from 5 to 6 
centimeters. The color of the water in pools A to F is generally brownish. 
When rainfalls are frequent, the brownish color fades away, changing to 
slightly grayish green about 3 or 4 centimeters below the surface. The 
water in the overflowed areas remains fairly clear owing to its shallowness 
