Menmorr 49 
syiphi 
EPHYDRA SUBOPACA 
13, Dorsal view of distribution of segmental nerves (I-XII, segments); 14, alimentary system (a, pharynx 
b, esophagus; c, salivary gland; d, caeca; e, proventriculus; f, mid-intestine; g, hind intestine; h, mal 
pighian tube; i, rectum; k, imaginal disks); 15, ventral view of oral cavity and second body segment (a 
antenna; b, mandibular sclerite; c, tubercles; d, hypostomal sclerite); 16, lateral view of head region o 
grown larva, showing cephalopharyngeal skeleton (a, mandibular sclerite; b, dental sclerite; ¢, hypostoma 
sclerite) ; 17, lateral view of young larva (a, mandibular sclerite; b, hypostomal sclerite; c, dorsal pharyngea 
sclerite; d, lateral pharyngeal sclerite; e, pharyngeal mass); 18, cross section of anterior pharyngeal regio 
(a, imaginal disk; b, common duct of salivary glands; ¢c, cephalic retractor muscle; d, ventral longitudina 
muscle); 19, middle pharyngeal region (a, accommodating membrane; d, dorsal longitudinal muscle; ¢ 
cephalic retractor; d, pharyngeal sclerite; e, pharyngeal sinus; f. imaginal disk; g, pharyngeal muscle; h 
Y-shaped ridges; i, pharyngeal depressor; j, dorsal cephalic protractor; k, stomal dilator; 1, mandibular 
depressor); 20, caudal pharyngeal region (a, cephalic retractor; b, lateral pharyngeal sclerite; e, imagina 
disk; d, stomal dilator; e, semicircular dorsal pharyngeal muscle; f, pharyngeal cavity); 21, cross section o 
esophagus (a, circular muscle; b, lumen; c, epithelium); 22, longitudinal section of esophageal valve (a 
esophagus; b, imaginal cells; ec, blood space; d, sphincter; e, epithelium, or ventriculus; f, basement mem: 
brane: g, lumen of ventriculus) 
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