996 DEANE PHILLIPS 
have raised about two hundred horses annually and to have loaded two 
vessels a year with them and other produce of his farm. These vessels 
sailed ‘‘ from the South Ferry directly to the Indies where the horses 
were in great demand ’’ (170). It was the Hazard family *® which 
seemed to have been mainly concerned in the early development of 
the Narragensett pacers, and it is probable that many of the horses thus 
shipped were of the famous breed. 
To recapitulate, then, it may be said that during this period from 
1700 to 1775, in response to the demand from the West Indies sugar 
plantations for draft animals and from the same source and from all 
the continental colonies for saddle purposes, the breeding of horses 
finally became, in the period just preceding the Revolution, a wide- 
spread industry throughout all Rhode Island and Connecticut — and 
probably in the other New England colonies as well—and that in 
some particularly favored spots it was carried on in a highly special- 
ized and extensive fashion. The ‘‘ horse jockeys’’ with their large 
cargoes, the numberless small vessels carrying only a few animals on 
their scanty decks, the famous pacers driven overland to neighboring 
continental colonies, all must have contributed a very considerable item 
of revenue to the New England region and aided the colonists in that 
search for ‘‘ a good return ’’ on which they were always bent. 
cc 
DECLINE IN HORSE RAISING AFTER THE REVOLUTION 
The exportation of horses, which was interrupted during the Revolu- 
tion as was the other commerce of the colonies, was revived at the close 
of the war. Now, however, the New England vessels were denied 
entrance to the British sugar islands by the decree restricting trade 
to British bottoms, so that a considerable proportion of the former 
outlet for horses no longer existed. Such shipments as were made 
went mainly to the French islands and to Cuba, which by that time 
had been thrown open to trade by the Spaniards and was developing 
rapidly as a producer of sugar. 
This revival of the horse trade seems to have had its main focus in 
New London. The ‘‘ horse jockeys ’’ were once more embarked on their 
former service; one brig took out forty-nine horses, and many sloops 
1% The Robert Hazard mentioned above was born in 1689 and died in 1762. 
