INSECTS AND OTHER ANIMAL Pests INsuRIOoUS To FinrLD BEANS 997 
The repellent quality of bordeaux mixture appears to be definitely 
established. Plants sprayed with bordeaux have escaped all injury when 
unsprayed plants were entirely devoured. It has been demonstrated 
by Lovett and Black (1920) that calcium arsenate also has great killing 
power when used in a poison bait, and the writer found dead slugs in a 
cage in which the beans had been sprayed with this material. It is there- 
fore reasonable to suppose that a spray of calcium arsenate may be effective 
under field conditions. 
Dusts of lime, salt and lime (1-25), hellebore and lime (1-25), and 
_ chloride of lime and lime (1-25), show some promise of success, and on 
a small scale should work especially well. 
A very helpful practice, both in field and garden work, is to remove all 
rubbish and crop remnants from the ground. Old bean and potato vines, 
cabbage stumps, carrots, turnips— in fact, decaying vegetation of any 
kind which may furnish either food or shelter for the slugs — should be 
cleared away. Straw, boards, roots of quack grass, piles of leaves, and 
manure, have been found to harbor many of the pests. After a slug 
infestation, crop remnants should be plowed under or removed from the 
field as soon as the crop has been harvested. It is advisable also to 
clean up the edges of gardens and fence corners in the fall if slugs 
have been abundant during the summer, for the greatest injury to the 
plants is that caused by slugs hatched from the eggs deposited by over- 
wintering slugs that have hibernated in these places. After the grass 
and the weeds have been cut and the rubbish has been removed, the appli- 
cation of a heavy coating of lime or salt to the ground helps to destroy 
the animals. 
Beans grown in fields that were in sod the preceding year are often 
infested. Covered by the roots of the grass, the slugs and their eggs 
have been well protected during the winter, and when spring comes they 
’ find an abundant food supply in the newly planted beans. If manure is 
added in the fall to sod land in which slugs are present, 1t makes hibernat- 
ing conditions even more ideal. 
Summary of control suggestions 
Bean plants should be thoroly sprayed with bordeaux mixture (4-450) 
to keep the slugs from them. The plants should be sprayed from both 
above and below, preferably with a potato sprayer having three nozzles 
to arow. Unless the infestation is severe, this spray should be sufficient. 
In severe attacks, however, the bordeaux mixture may be supplemented 
by a bait of chopped lettuce or clover, 16 parts by weight to 1 part of 
calcium-arsenate powder, the mixture to be scattered around the field. 
This bait should attract and kill slugs driven from the plants by the bor- 
deaux. As an experiment, the bean foliage may be sprayed with calcium 
arsenate, 1 pound to 50 gallons of water. In a small garden the slugs 
