LEPIDOPTERA TL 2I 
References — Kaltenbach, J. H. Pflanzenfeinde, p. 192. 1872. 
Slingerland, M. V. Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bul. 107. 1896. 
Theobald, F. V. Insect pests of fruits, p. 82. 1909. 
GCUBZEGHOD WHO. \V GAP 6 Bs Blaine OIA ecto te Ge Or eons aOR eee ree Fam. Noctuidae 
Hosts — Crataegus, Prunus. 
Injury — Larva feeds on foliage at night. 
Distribution — Southern Europe, Asia Minor. 
Reference —Spuler, A. Schmetterlinge Europas, 1:185. 1908. 
ORCUSCLLOMGLETIAPA GUTESENVG? 2 her.) 6 Ata ts eae oe dee ea fo alictells gic) as aeration Fam. Y ponomeutidae 
(See page 1078.) 
OLVOCOMRGCHE Re VEP LLOCOLLELISS 455 ae ele eed see nes teen oe |... Fam. Gracilariidae 
Host — Crataegus oxyacanitha. 
Injury — Larva mines in under side of leaf. 
Distribution — Europe. 
References — Kaltenbach, J. H. Pflanzenfeinde, p. 211. 1872. 
Spuler, A. Schmetterlinge Europas, 2:415. 1910. 
BEVOCUMU ICM nTMPMOSCLTD ls kes lhe wan gle bet fa Sew alije call egg candace de. Fam. Noctuidae 
Host — Crataegus: oxyacantha. 
Injury — Larva eats foliage at night. 
Distribution — Europe, Asia Minor. 
References — Bechstein, J. M., and Scharfenberg, G. L. Naturgeschichte der schid- 
lichen Forstinsekten, p. 504. 1805. 
Spuler, A. Schmetterlinge Europas, 1:204. 1908. 
anprmccmd Kallas Stiliog NG DIGHID, o-oo oc oo owed vo BocconseaGuunddeeconubes 6 Fam. Nepticulidae 
Hosts — Crataegus oxyacantha, Malus malus, Sorbus. 
Injury — Larva mines in leaf on upper side. 
Distribution — HKurope. 
References — Kaltenbach, J. H. Pflanzenfeinde, p. 199. 1872. 
Spuler, A.. Schmetterlinge Europas, 2:474. 1910. 
padellus Linn., Yponomeuta (Hawthorn ermine moth)................ Fam. Yponomeutidae 
Synonym — Hyponomeuta padella Linn. 
Hosts — Crataegus, Prunus, Vitis. 
Injury — Larvae mine in leaves while young, then skeletonize leaves while living 
colonially in tents. 
Distribution — Europe, North America (recently imported). 
References — Theobald, F. V. Insect pests of fruits, p. 86. 1909. 
Parrott, P. J. Journ. econ. ent. 11:55. 1918. 
norma Cllandk... SEG IS epee Se ener ones cir oreo aan ne oe ern as Fam. Glyphipterygidae 
Hosts — Malus, Sorbus, Crataegus, Betula, Prunus. 
Injury — Larva makes a slight web over the leaf, then skeletonizes it. 
Distribution — Europe, Asia Minor, North America (recently imported). 
References — Spuler, A. Schmetterlinge Europas, 2:297. 1910. 
Felt, E. P. New York State’ Mus. Bul. 202:33. 1917. 
cagdlanrias Walese.; IM Aaa a ce ee ORES Os kerio ORGS Sac oe Loin an Ree eaters Fam. Geometridae 
Hosts — Pyrus, Quercus, Betula, Prunus, Crataegus, and other species. 
Injury — Larva eats foliage. 
Distribution — Europe, Asia. 
References — Kaltenbach, J. H. Pflanzenfeinde, p. 164. 1872. 
Spuler, A. Schmetterlinge Europas, 2:100. 1910. 
