1128 LEPIDOPTERA 
tunnusiiinn.eapilro (higer swallowitail))es2) te eae eee Fam. Papilionidae 
Hosts — Crataegus, Malus, Cydonia, Prunus, Betula, Tilia, Quercus, Salix, and other 
species. A 
Injury — Larva eats foliage. 
Distribution — Eastern North America. 
References — Saunders, William. Can. ent. 6:2. 1874. 
Packard, A. S. Fifth rept. U. 8. Ent. Comm., p. 536. 1890. 
UNICORN IS A ANGIS =" SChIZUTC ese eae ncot ans ae ie eee Fam. Notodontidae 
Hosts — Malus, Prunus, Crataegus, Ulmus, Populus, Corylus, Quercus, and other 
species. 
Injury — Larva eats foliage. 
Distribution — North America. 
Reference — Packard, A. S. Nat. Acad. Sci. Memoir 1:203. 1895. 
voriegana lub: Olethnektesc eis tet snes ee ee rac ae ce ee Fam. Tortricidae 
Hosts — Malus, Pyrus, Crataegus, Prunus, and other species. 
Injury — Larva ties leaf clusters together and eats leaves and buds. 
Distribution — Europe, Asia. 
References — Newstead, R. Gard. chron. 1901:342. 1901. 
Theobald, F. V. Insect pests of fruits, p. 82. 1909. 
vernata Peck, Paleacrita (Spring cankerworm)........................-. Fam. Geometridae 
Hosts — Ulmus, Malus, Crataegus, and other species. 
Injury — Larva eats foliage. 
Distribution — North America. 
Reference — Wellhouse, W. H. Univ. Kans., Ent. Dept. Bul. 11:283. 1917. 
vetusta Boisd., Hemerocampa (Western tussock moth).................. Fam. Lymantriidae 
Hosts -— Malus, Prunus, Crataegus, Juglans, Quercus, and other species. 
Injury — Larva eats leaves and sometimes young fruit. 
Distribution — Pacific coast of the United States. 
References — Branigan, E. J. State Comm. Hort. California. Mo. bul. 3:245. 1914. 
Essig, E. O. Injurious and beneficial insects of California, p. 408. 1915. 
pinidang: Walch (Chand ptendia oe a.15 cae ean a) esses an ee Fam. Noctuidae 
Hosts — Prunus, Crataegus, Pyrus. 
Injury — Larva eats foliage at night. 
Distribution — Europe. 
Reference — Spuler, A. Schmetterlinge Europas, 1:204. 1908. 
ViTLAALOw INN se NCITLOT Use eae een ee ee Besse vel hay lela e Cee ea Fam. Geometridae 
Hosts — Calluna, Crataegus, Rubus, Quercus, Betula, Corylus, and other species. 
Injury — Larva eats foliage. 
Distribution — Europe, Asia. 
References — Kaltenbach, J. H. Pflanzenfeinde, p. 235. 1872. 
Spuler, A. Schmetterlinge Europas, 2:4. 1910. 
pulgata laws eDTOCly Stidinny 4 ae eee io oe eich eee oe ee eee Fam. Geometridae 
Hosts — Crataegus, Polygonum, Rubus, and other species. 
Injury — Larva eats foliage. 
Distribution — Europe, Asia. 
References — Kaltenbach, J. H. Pflanzenfeinde, p. 209. 1872. 
Spuler, A. Schmetterlinge Europas, 2:75. 1910. 
v ulgella Hibs, Gelechta:. ves ase canta 95 ciate ass poieis ee ae eee Fam. Gelechiidae 
Hosts — Crataegus, Prunus. c 
