THE BIoLoGy OF THE CHRYSOPIDAE 1349 
Third-instar larva.—Head gray or yellowish; three separate black spots above; 
mandibles, palpi, and antennae light amber, tips of mandibles darker. First 
subsegment of thorax gray, darker at sides; second subsegment largely dark 
brown to brownish black, border smoky gray, reddish below; reddish between 
prothoracic depressions. First subsegment of mesothorax gray, crossed by red- 
dish areas; second subsegment reddish black except grayish borders and a small 
gray area on each side of dorsal vessel; in these gray areas some bright red 
spots. Prothoracic and mesothoracic tubercles similar, bearing twelve to 
eighteen setae; bases of all black; apical setae larger than basal ones. Meta- 
thorax black or brownish black except a prominent gray area on each side of 
vessel, with bright red spots in same. First abdominal tubercle well developed, 
pure white, bearing white setae; second pair of tubercles also white, with a 
tinge of red on stalks; remainder of tubercles alike, grayish variously marked 
with dark red, bearing twelve to fifteen setae, three to five large black ones 
and the remainder smaller and white; from border to gray area along vessel, 
black, almost uninterrupted in early third-instar larvae, later breaking up into 
poorly defined reddish black blotches. Width of head, 0.92 mm.; length of 
mandibles, 0.8 mm.; total length of larva, 9.1 mm.; width at metathorax, 3 mm.; 
length of abdominal setae, 0.7 mm. 
Pupa.—Pupal stage generally passed in a silken cocoon. Cocoon elongate 
spherical, pure white, appearing like paper but with few free threads; opening 
by lid at upper end. Length of cocoon, 4.1 mm.; width, 3.3 mm. (For late 
pupae, the head characters of the adult are useful in identification. ) 
Adult.—Head grayish green, darker above; usually two elongate marks on 
outer margins of clypeus (in some cases two more black dots on genae); clypeus 
with row of setae; labrum distinct, bordered with setae; area about basal 
antennal joint depressed, first joint grayish green, from the second to the end 
of about the basal fifth jet black to brownish, fading into light brown which 
persists to tip. Prothorax wholly green, usually with two black spots at outer 
anterior margins; two or three small median black dots seen in some specimens, 
otherwise entire thorax and abdomen light green. Wings long, acute at tips, 
rather narrow; pterostigma prominent; gradate veinlets and others dark. 
Length of adult, 15 to 20 mm. 
Chrysopa quadripunctata Burmeister (Plate LXX XI) 
1839 Chrysopa quadripunctata. Burmeister, Handbuch Ent., vol. 2, p. 980. 
1851 Chrysopa quadripunctata. te era ad monograph. gen. Chryso- 
ae, p. 84. 
1861 Chrysopa quadripunctata. Ween, Synopsis Neuroptera N. Amer., p. 218. 
1903 Chrysopa quadripunctata. Banks, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol. 29, p. 153. 
The species Chrysopa quadripunctata also is arboreal. It was 
taken most frequently in a dense thicket of oak and underbrush at 
Charlottesville; at lights and by sweeping goldenrod in shaded localities, 
preferably near oaks and on maple and spiraea, with C. migricornis, at 
Ithaca and Milwaukee; in dense woods on goldenrod at Dayton; on elm, 
maple, and apple at Manhattan. This is a very beautiful species and 
is quite distinct. In habits it is much like C. nigricornis, except that the 
larvae are very frequently seen. with some trash on their backs. 
