Praeger — On the Raised Beaches of N.E. Ireland. 31 



expressed my belief that the series of raised beaches referred to is con- 

 temporaneous with this npper clay bed, and that the elevation that 

 raised the gravels to their present height, brought up the clays from 

 their place of deposit in some few fathoms of water to their present 

 position at or near high-water mark. 



Professor Hull has pointed out^ that the elevation above present 

 sea-level of the raised beaches of the east coast of Ireland increases 

 as we pass northward, varying from high-water mark at Dublin to 

 twenty feet above it on the Antrim coast ; and he identifies this Irish 

 series with the twenty-flve-foot raised beach of Scotland. Into this 

 suggestion (which Mr. A. Bell states^ is not borne out by the fauna) I 

 need not at present inquire, but may remark that my observations 

 bear out, on the whole, Hull's statement as to a general increase of 

 elevation with increasing latitude. 



"Without further preface I shall proceed to my notes on raised 

 beaches, and they will be taken in geographical order, beginning with 

 the most southern. 



Geeenoee. 



The raised beach at Grreenore forms an extensive spit of low land, 

 projecting for half a mile into Carlingford Lough, and it has been 

 long known as a locality for rude flint implements. It is composed 

 of horizontally -bedded gravels, rising to about fifteen feet above high- 

 water mark, and containing marine shells from bottom to top. The 

 gravels rest on estuarine clay, with gravelly layers. The fauna of the 

 gravels, as observed on a single visit, is as follows : — 



Anomia ephippiwm. Scrohieularia piperata. 



Ostrea edulis. My a arenaria. 



Pecten maximus. Trochus cinerareus. 



Lucina horealis. Littorina ohtusata. 



Cardium edule. L. litorea. 



Tapes decussatus. Turritella terehra. 



T. aureus. Purpura lapillus. 

 Tellina lalthica. 



The estuarine clay which underlies the gravels and its fauna have 

 been treated of in my report before-mentioned. 



^ " On tie Eaised Beach of the North-East of Ireland," Brit. Assoc. Report, 

 1872, and Physical Geol. and Geogr. of Ireland, p. 107. 



2 "Final Eeport . . . upon the Manure Gravels of Wexford," Brit. Assoc. 

 Report, 1890. 



