158 Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. 



Ki, to, for ; and z«, from, are only added to demonstratives, and 

 then form adverbs or conjunctions. 



Macfarlane gives mani as a suffix, meaning by, but there are no 

 examples of its use. 



2. Some nouns are used with postpositions to express relations of 

 place. These are faru, forehead or face ; ada^ outside ; mui^ inside ; 

 huado, side ; gima, top ; kalo, back. 



They appear as parunu, before ; paruia, opposite to, contrary ; 

 adapa, out of ; muinu, inside, within ; muia, into ; huadia, beside ; 

 malu huadia, by the sea-side ; gimaimi, over, above ; gimaingu, from 

 above ; gimia, on the top ; Jcalanu, after, behind ; Tcalapa, to, behind. 



The word mai with the genitive case is the equivalent of the 

 Miriam hes, ' sake.' Serodian mai, for the sake of Herodias ; hedazou 

 mai, for the sake of that thing ; mepaiangu mai, for the world's sake ; 

 ngau mai, my sake. 



The verb asimpa, asin, plural asimoin, neg. asigi is used with the 

 meaning ' be with.' 



"With, referring to persons, is translated by a noun kalmel. Wara 

 ngau kalmel ai purutan, one eating food with me, lit. one my com- 

 panion eating food ; ngai ngilia kalmel umanga, I die with thee. 



A few other words are given as prepositions in the vocabulary, but 

 they are mostly compounds such as nungu, from (from it). 



§ YIII. — Conjunctions. 



1. A, and, also, but; ha, for, and if ; mata, but, for; sike, if; 

 tuma, till, until ; tomaka, perhaps ; kurusipa, until. 



Macgillivray gives ia, and, with an example : Uleip' Alurdia, 

 Salalallia, Wagelia, Mania = Alurde and Salalle and Wag el andi Manu 

 are approaching. — [ii., 306.] Cf. this ia with the ergative suffix. 



2. The word keda, like, thus, with the noun z6, thing, is declined 

 to form causal conjunctions. Kedazou, for ; hedazopa, therefore ; 

 kedazingUf kedazongu, kedazinguzo, therefore, because. 



§ IX. — Exclamations. 



1. Ua ! wa ! yea! yes! Misai! yes! Samido ! yes! Wagar ! 

 yes! Guirel (m) no! Ae / ah! (of sorrow). Au / akamiz / oh! 

 (of surprise). Igur ! poor thing ! 



