430 Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. 



and the natterjack toad {Bufo calamita) ; also the following MoUusca, 

 Geomalacus rnacidosus, Pupa anglica, Selix fusca and B.. imana ;— the 

 beetles, Rhopalomesites Tardyi, JEurynelria complanata, and Otiorrhyn- 

 chus aurojnmctatus. Among the Irish woodlice, Platyarthrus Hoffman- 

 seggii belongs to this first division, as well as the Hemipteron Lygus 

 atomarius, and the millipede, Polydesmiis gallicus. Some of the species 

 peculiar to Ireland have their nearest relatives confined to the south- 

 west of Europe, e.g. Tegenaria hihernica, which is closely related to 

 the Pyrenean Tegenaria larva.^ 



The badger {Meles taztis), is for our purposes a South European 

 type of the second sub-division, though it originated probably in Asia. 

 The following MoUusca also belong here : — Helix aculeata, H. rufescens, 

 R. virgata, S. acuta, H. nemoralis and many others ; also the beetle. 

 Strangalia aurulenta.^ 



Fan7ia of Great Britain and Ireland. 

 In treating of the fauna of Great Britain and Ireland, I have found 

 the need of a suitable term in contrasting the faunas of the two islands, 

 as "British" is understood zoologically to include the fauna as a whole. 

 At Dr. Sclater's suggestion, I adopt the term Anglo- Scotian for the 

 fauna of Great Britain, and Hibernian for that of Ireland. "When we 

 compare the Anglo- Scotian with the Hibernian fauna, we find that in 

 the former we also have the general, the northern, and the southern 

 constituents just as in the latter ; the fauna being, however, richer, 

 we have more of the northern forms (confined chiefly to the north of 

 Scotland), and more of the southern, principally seen in the south of 

 England. But we have in addition an eastern division, composed 

 mainly of immigrants from Siberia and Eastern Europe, which is 

 apparently quite wanting in Ireland (see map 1). Some of the more 

 quickly-spreading Siberians have overrun the whole of Great Britain, 

 but the majority of them are confined to the south-eastern parts of 

 England, and their range scarcely extends to Scotland or "Wales. 

 Botanically, this division corresponds to some extent with "Watson's (91) 

 " Germanic type of plants.'' 



The Zoogeographical provinces of the British Islands. 



Not very many attempts have been made, to my knowledge, to 

 Bub-divide the British Islands into zoological or botanical provinces of 



1 The following Irish plants may be mentioned : — Arbutus unedo. Euphorbia 

 hiberna, Simethis bicolor and Sibihorpia europaea. 



* Cotyledon umbilicus, and other plants probably belong to this type. 



