584 Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. 



Salmon) ; as well as the tall fair, brachycephalic race that may have 

 come from Denmark (the " Celts " of some authors, the " Turanian " 

 of Thurnam and Eolleston, or the " Eound Barrow Race" of all 

 authors). 



Personally, 1 am inclined to think that the Neolithic brachycephals 

 of Central Europe did come over to the British Islands, and that 

 traces of them are still to be seen, perhaps more frequently in Ireland 

 than in Great Britain. If this be so, it is probably they came as a 

 mixed people, that mixture of brachycephals and southern dolicho- 

 cephals which Broca called " Celts," for it must be remembered that 

 he regarded the Celtae of Caesar as a mixed people, but mainly brachy- 

 cephals. The Neolithic brachycephalic immigrants into Western 

 Europe almost certainly came from Eastern Europe, and possibly 

 originally from Asia ; it is also probable that they were primitively of 

 the same stock as the Lapps and Einns, or rather one constituent of 

 the latter people. It may be that the short, dark, brachycephalic 

 element in the British Islands was largely due to the northern brachy- 

 cephals who came direct from Scandinavia in the Neolithic period, 

 or both northern and southern brachycephals may have contributed 

 their respective shares. 



It is possible that the Eound Barrow race had comparatively little 

 to say to Irish ethnology. 



POSTSCEIPT ADDED IN THE PeESS. 



Since this paper was read a learned and voluminous work has 

 been published, entitled " The Dolmens of Ireland, their Distribution, 

 Structural Characteristics and Affinities in other Countries; together 

 with the Folk-lore attaching to them, supplemented by considerations 

 on the Anthropology, Ethnology, and Traditions of the Irish Race," 

 by William Copeland Borlase. In the third volume Mr. Borlase deals 

 very fully with Irish craniology, and he connects the Knockmaraidhe 

 dolichocephal with the Long Barrow men of Britain, and with the 

 Caverne de I'Homme Mort in France. The mesaticephalic skull from 

 the same tumulus is due to an admixture with this type of a brachy- 

 cephalic type (p. 978). The measurements and descriptions I have 

 given above, together with the evidence so laboriously collected by 

 Mr. Borlase conclusively prove the existence of the Baumes-Chaudes 

 or I'Homme-Mort race in Ireland in very early times. 



