Knowles — Prehistoric Remains, Sandhills, Coast of Ireland. 345 



flint axe nicely polishecl. The axe was of the short or swage kind, 

 which was prohahly used mounted in a withe handle. A series of 

 objects from K'arin are shown on No. III. opposite. Figs. 10 to 13 are 

 knives; 14, a hammerstone ; 15 and 16, scrapers; and 17, 17« a knife- 

 like object of flint. 



LOUGHEOS MOEE, Con^TY Doiv^EGAX. 



On the third day we visited a very extensive stretch of sand hills 

 at the head of Loughros More bay. This place lies between jSTarin and 

 Ardara and faces the open sea. It is, therefore, greatly exposed to the 

 full force of the wind, and the sand in consequence is constantly shifting 

 and being piled xip in high ridges. Under these conditions pre- 

 historic remains would not have had a good chance of preservation even 

 if they had been left for us to find, but we considered that owing to its 

 exposed position it may not have been used as a place to reside in, but 

 only as an occasional resting place. We did not fijid split pebbles or 

 sharp pieces of rock, but we saw numeroiis large edible shells, some in 

 heaps, composed of one species only, and in other cases mixed. There 

 was abundance of oyster ; mussels of very large size, and collections of 

 cockle, limpet, and periwinkle were also plentiful. In several places 

 we found a schistose rock, which may have supplied sharp-edged pieces 

 for cutting, but the rock was greatly weathered, and in all cases in a 

 crumbling condition, and there were no marks that could give in- 

 dication whether any of the pieces had ever been used as tools. Mr. 

 Cofley towards the end of the day found one small fragment of flint, 

 but it could not be called a worked piece. We saw in the bottom of a 

 large pit a quern with the top portion split across. It was not 

 connected with any other remains, and we do not consider that it had 

 belonged to the people of the Stone Age. We saw the teeth of cow, 

 pig, sheep or goat, but so disconnected with stone and other remains 

 that we cannot speak with any certainty about them. Eev. W. A. 

 Adams found a hammerstone and anvil-stone at this place, also a stone 

 cist, near which he found a patch of a bronze cauldron with nail holes 

 round the margin. He also found a piece of quadi'angular rock, about 

 5^ inches long, with a deep groove on one side. Dr. D'Evelyn foimd 

 a very good hammerstone at this place, but broken. 



Rutland Island, County Donegal. 



We came northwards to Dungloe, and from this point we visited 

 Rutland Island and Maghery. In Rutland Island there were several 

 pits among the sandhills which had been excavated by the wind. In 



