494 Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. 



" Fig. 6. — ' Cloche cles Cophtes,' Trhich is simply a variety 

 of ISTo. 4, and drumsticks being indicated as employed instead of 

 mallets." 



At p. 1625 is given a wood cut of the " Jaquemart " of Dijon 

 referred to the f ouiieenth century, and representing a man armed with 

 a hammer with which it strikes the houi's on a bell. 



It is possible that the method of producing sounds fi'om a bell, by 

 means of blows from a hammer or mallet, may have been employed in 

 the Eastern Church ; but there does not appear to be any record to 

 prove that such was the case, at least as regards Chuixh bells. That 

 bells were used as instruments of music, and were struck with a 

 hammer or mallet, would appear from different authorities. In Lord 

 Dunraven's "Notes on Irish Architecture," edited by Miss Stokes 

 (1875), it is stated in vol. n., p. 165 : — 



" Bell -ringing in the tenth century, appears to have been practised 

 in two different ways, one being the mere use of the signal-bell of 

 the hand-bell ringer ; the other the art of the carillon player 

 which implies a knowledge of music and the exercise of the players' 

 talent on a series of bells tuned to diSerent notes, which could form a 

 harmonious accompaniment to the harp or note. Illustrations are 

 given in vol. ii., pp. 165-167. 



Pig. 1, pp. 165-167. — Pig. 1, being from the capital of a column 

 in the Church of St. George de Bocherville, JSTormany. (This 

 capital is also illustrated, as a development, in Le Bas' Dictionnaire 

 Eucyclopedique de I'Histoii'e de France (1842-45), vol. ii. p. 204. 

 It shows a series of bells suspended from a beam or bar and being 

 struck with hammers). 



Fig. 2, p. 166. — Taken from an ancient psalter in the British 

 Museum, (King's Library, 20, Bk. xi.). King David is represented 

 playing on a set of five bells suspended from an arched beam, and 

 having a hammer in each hand. 



Fig. 3. — Taken from a manuscript in the Eoyal Library at Brussels ; 

 it represents a female figure ( ? male) seated and striking a set of foiu- 

 bells with hammers. 



In the note it is mentioned that, in one compartment of an ancient 

 sculptui'ed cross at Kilcullen, which stands to the north of the Eound 

 Tower, the figure of an ecclesiastic may be seen raising a hammer to 

 strike the bell which hangs before him ( ? Ostiarius). 



Lord Duoraven, adds (vol. ii, p. 166) : — 



"The bells preserved in the Irish belfiies such as those 

 referred to in the tower of Armagh, at the date 1020, may have 



