12 Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. 



1228.' His tombstone, a huge slab with the recumbent effigy of an ecclesiastic 

 in vestments, is still to be seen in Gowran Church, with the curious inscription in 

 hexameters : 



" Dum uixit sanus, Badoulfus erat Julianus 



Dum uisit sospes, Kuptis fuerat pius hospes, 



anno domini Mccun xim Kal. April." 



This inscription gives the date of bis death, 1253, and the appointment of bis 

 successor is dealt with in a Koyal letter of 11 Feb., 1253-4. 



These are all the records that remain of the earlier days of tlie liiilc 

 abbey of Killenny, which was an Irish house founded by an Irish chieftain. 

 Wc have now to trace the history of the more important abbey of Duiske or 

 Graiguenamanagh, founded by an Englishman for English monks, which was 

 soon to absorb tlie smaller and poorer monastery, established forty years 

 before the richer house. 



V. — The Cuarteks of Duiske. 



Bichard Fitz Gilbert, earl of Clare, lx;tter known as 'Strongbow,' was the 

 Hret of the great Anglo-Norman adventurere in Ireland. He arrived in the 

 country in 11 70, at the invitation of Dermot Mac Murrougli, King of J^einster, 

 who was at the time hard Itcset by his rivals ; and he married Dermol's only 

 daughter Eva, thus becoming, at Dermot's death, the overlord of the Irish 

 Kingdom of Ix'inster. When he died in 1176, he left no son ; and his only 

 daughter, Isabella, married in 1189 William Marshal, earl of Pembroke, who 

 thus l)ecame nia.stcr of a splendid inheritance. William Mar.shal was a truly 

 great man, who knew how Uj rule ; and his companions an<l helpers in the 

 difhcult task of reducing Leinster were, many of them, capable and vigorous 

 in their administration of the lands which tliey held iis his feudatories. 



It wa-s through these feudatories that William Maishal governed his fief 

 for a good many years, and his only prolonged resilience in Ireland was from 

 1207 It" 12l;3.' His policy was always directed towards the establishment of 

 English law and custom, both in civil and ecclesiastical affairs; and to this 

 end he gave charters after the Anglo-Norman fashion to the pnncipal towns 

 in his territory. He brought monks from England to the Cistercian houses 

 which he endowed. One of those was Tintern Minor in co. Wexford, founded 

 from the greater Tintem in Monmouthshire , and the other was the abbey of 

 Duiske in co. Kilkenny, which he filled with monks from the abbey of Stanley 

 in Wiltshiie. 



' R.T A. 132, 133, 134. 



' See Urpen, IreUitid under the Normam, ii, 2U7. 



