Bernard— 77;e Clutrlera oj I he Abbeij of Duiske. 27 



Et ut liec nostre confirniationis pagiiia iu postennn illibata pcrmaneat. 

 earn presentis scripti testimonio et sipfilli nostri appositione corroborauimus. 



Eliis testibus Domino H. Loblioliiiensi episcopo, Willelmo Mavescallo 

 coraite Pembrok, 0. Decauo do Kilkeuui, Gr. archuliacouo Ossorionsi, 0. Priore 

 Sancti Johannis de Kilkeiini, Roberto de Baligauoran et Normanno, capellanis, 

 Magistro Edmiindo, Eicai'do de Poiite clerico, Tlioina cleiico, et multis aliis. 



Ti-kerlcvan, or Stackmakerlevan,' is near Coppenagli in tho parisli of 

 Graiguenamanagh. This presentation is confirmed in later charters (nos. 23, 

 26, and U). 



As Hugh le Bous, bishop of Ossory (see p. 15), died in 1218, this instrument 

 (of which tlie seal has disappeared) must have been executed before that year, but 

 we can determine the date more exactly. 



The earliest deans and archdeacons of Ossory are not accurately given in 

 Cotton's Fasti, but the additional information now provided in the published 

 Register of St. Thomas' Abbey enables us to get a little nearer to the facts, 

 although precise dates cannot be fixed. Confusion has been caused- by forgetful- 

 ness of the circumstance that ArchicUacomcs often stands for the family name 

 VErcedekne (see p. 15, above), and is not always the title of an ecclesiastic. 

 Putting together the charters at pp. 135, 310, 814 of the Register of St. Thomas' 

 Abbey, we reach the result that Odo or Hugh became Dean about 1216, and 

 was succeeded by William in 1228. Of the Archdeacons, we have Reginald in 

 1205 and 1215, succeeded in the latter year by Gilbert, to whom followed Odo 

 about 1223, and Almaric (see no. 31) in 1228. 



Hence Odo, dean of Kilkenny,^ gives us 1216 as the earliest date for this 

 instrument. 



H., bishop of LeighUn, the first witness, was Herlewin de Marisco, a Cistercian 

 monk, who died in 1217, and was buried in Dunbrody Abbey.* This fixes the 

 charter to the years 1216-1217. 



William Marshal, earl of Pembroke (see p. 12), died in 1219. His residence 

 from 1213 was mainly in England, but this deed must have been witnessed during 

 a brief visit to his lands in Ireland.* See the next charter (9). 



Osbcrt, the prior of St. John's, Kilkenny, a house of Austin Canons, founded by 

 William Marshal senior, appears at various dates between 1202 and 1227." 



Robert of Gowran appears several times as attesting charters of St. Thomas' 

 Abbey.' He is described variously as ' clericus ' and as ' officialis Ossorie.' 



Of the remaining witnesses, we know nothing. Richard de Pontc was probably 

 ' Richard of Ross,' Ross being often called Ros-ponte at this period. 



' The pfeli.x ta, ti, is often corrupted into sta, sti in the eastern counties of Ireland : 

 e.g. Stillorgan = Tigh-Lorcain. 



2 See, e.g., Gilbert's note in R.T.A., 135. 



^ This is the older and more correct title. But for centuries tho Dean of tho Cathedral 

 Church of St. Canice's has been called the " Doau of Ossory." 



■> C.M.A. ii, 280. '■ See Orpeu, ii, 218. 



■5 See Charters 9, 10, 13, U, 23, 2-1, and R.T.A. 132, 303, 322, 323. 



7 R.T.A. 132, 133, 136, 233, 313, and C.D.I, i, 1870 (under the year 1231). 



