240 Pi'oceeiimt/s of the Roijal Irish Academij. 



considerable help from the Itinerary of Simeon Simeonis, edited by 

 J. Nasmith in 1778. In 1323 Simeon, an Irish pilgrim, went through Wales, 

 and, after keeping Eastor at Chester, proceeded by Stafford, Lichfield, 

 Coventry, Dunstable, St. Alban's, London, Canterbury, and Dover to Wissant. 

 By diverging from Watliug Street to pass through Coventry he saved a few 

 miles. I take for granted that Malachy went by the same road from the 

 point wliere the road from Eibchester joined it. The more northern part 

 of his journey is less easy to follow, for between Carlisle and Manchester 

 not many traces of the Roman roads remain. 



The route thmugh France, Switzerland, and Italy can be ascertained 

 with comparative ease, though the only facts recorded by St. Bernard are 

 that in all liis journeys Malachy stayed at Clairvau.x, and that on the first he 

 worked a miracle at Ivreu in Nortli Italy.' Fortunately we have in our 

 hands the singularly full itinerary of Archbishop Sigeric from Kome to 

 Canterbury in 990.- He pas.sed through I'ontremoli, Piacenza, Vercelli, and 

 Ivrea, across the (Ircat St. Bernard, to I^usannc, and thence by Bar-sur- 

 Aube (not far from the spot which afterwards l)ecame famous as tlie site of 

 St. Bernard's monastery at Clairvaux), Clialons-sur-Marne, and liheims, to 

 the sea near Wissunt. Pope Eugenius followed tlie same route on his north- 

 ward journey in 1147 as far as Vercelli, at whicli place he turned oH' from it 

 logo lu Lyons. In the fallowing year he again fciUowed Sigeric's route from 

 liheinis to Pavia, spending a few days at ( 'iairvaux on his way.^ And over 

 the same roads St. Bei'uard went from North Italy to Clairvau.x in 1J35.' 

 There can be very little dnubt that Malachy went from Canterbury to Kome 

 and back, and again from Canterbury to Clairvaux, by this route. 



The following, then, seems to have l)een the itinerary of Malachy on these 

 three journeys. For convenience I have reversed the order of the stopping- 

 places on the 8econ<l journey. The figure opposite each place-name gives 

 the mimber of miles from the next preceding place which has a figure 

 opposite it. ' 



' Ihid., )i37. 31». 



- Sei) StubbM. M-.muiudt uj Si. /^<iim(<iii. p)i. 391-395. Dr. K L. Poole kindly directed 

 my attonlioii tn the twu itiiicr»rit-i« lueiitioncd above. 



^ Jatfe, R^jeMii (ed. 1861). pp. H25, 633 f. 



I Vxta Prim>t >i. Bentardi, ii, 28. He also travelled from Ch&loDa to Clairvaux along 

 the same ruad. /'(., vi, 42-44. 



" I hive measured the di.itatices on Bartholomew's Sumy AUa» uf Scotland Sknd Hoyal 

 Alias 1)/ Eii'il-iiul, theuapnof France issued by tbeiSerrice gioyraphi'iMt de inrm^e, and the 

 map!) of Italy in Macmiilsn nGuide to Italy. In a few cases I have been able to check 

 niy nieaaiireiuentM by 8tat«nient« as to road distauce» in Baedeker'h and Murmy's Guide- 

 lMx>ks, and Codrington's Roman Hoadi in England. 



